1. Ukuqonda ukuguquguquka kweMarike
Ukuguquguquka kweemarike, igama elibangela ukuba abaninzi bangcangcazele traders, eneneni, likrele elintlangothi-mbini. Ngumlinganiselo wezinga apho ixabiso le-asethi linyuka okanye lehla kwiseti yeembuyekezo. I-Volatility idla ngokubonwa njengento embi, imarike ingozi ukuba traders kufuneka boyike. Nangona kunjalo, inyaniso ikude kuyo.
Kwihlabathi lorhwebo, ukungazinzi bubomi obugcina imarike ihamba. Yi-catalyst ebonelela ngamathuba traders ukufumana inzuzo. Yimeko engalindelekanga yemarike, ukunyuka ngokukhawuleza kunye nokuhla kwamaxabiso e-asethi, okuvumelayo traders ukuthenga ephantsi kwaye uthengise phezulu.
Ukuqonda ukuguquguquka kweemarike ibalulekile kwi traders ukuyiphakamisa kwintengiso yabovantage. Ayilotshaba; liqabane ukuba uyayazi indlela yokuhamba ngayo. Imalunga nokuqonda iintsingiselo zemarike, izinto ezibangela ukuba amaxabiso ehle, kunye nezicwangciso zokusebenzisa ukunciphisa umngcipheko kunye nokwandisa imbuyekezo.
Ukunyanzelisa inikeza isibonakaliso somsebenzi wokurhweba kwi-security kunye nokuba ixabiso layo litshintsha ngokukhawuleza kangakanani. Ukuguquguquka okuphezulu kuthetha ukuba ixabiso lokhuseleko lihamba ngokukhawuleza ngexesha elifutshane, libonisa amathuba okufumana inzuzo enkulu yemali, kodwa kunye nomngcipheko ophezulu. Ngokuchasene noko, ukuguquguquka okuphantsi kuthetha ukuba ixabiso lokhuseleko aliguquguquki kakhulu, kodwa litshintsha ngesantya esizinzileyo kwixesha elithile.
TradeI-rs inokunyusa ukuguquguquka kweemarike ngokusebenzisa izicwangciso ezahlukeneyo. Ezi ziquka i-volatility arbitrage, okubandakanya ukuthenga kunye nokuthengisa ukhetho lokuzuza kumahluko wokuguquguquka okuchaziweyo kunye nokuqondayo. Elinye iqhinga ukuqhawuka kwe-volatility, apho traders ijonge ukwenza ingeniso kwiintshukumo zamaxabiso ngesiquphe ezibangelwa kukuguquguquka okwandileyo.
Ngokwenene, ukuguquguquka kweemarike akusiyo ingcamango yokwesaba, kodwa ukuqonda kunye nokunyusa. Kukubetha kwentliziyo yemarike, amandla okuqhuba abonelela ngamathuba traders ukuphumelela. Yinto engalindelekanga, engaqinisekanga, yingozi eyenza urhwebo lube mnandi kwaye lube nomvuzo. Ke, yamkela ukuguquguquka, yiqonde, kwaye uyivumele ikukhokele kwimpumelelo yakho yorhwebo.
1.1. Inkcazo kunye nezizathu zokuguquguquka kweMarike
Kwilizwe lezemali, okungazinzi kweemalike ligama elithumela ukungcangcazela ezantsi emqolo kwabanye traders, ngelixa abanye beyibona njengethuba leenzuzo ezibalulekileyo. Kodwa lithetha ukuthini ngokwenene? Kwisiseko sayo, ukuguquguquka kweemarike kubhekiselele kwi izinga apho ixabiso le-asethi linyuka okanye lehla ngalo kwiseti yeembuyekezo. Idla ngokulinganiswa ngokutenxa okusemgangathweni okanye umahluko phakathi kwembuyekezo evela kwaloo khuseleko lunye okanye isalathiso semarike.
Ngamagama alula, xa imakethi iguquguquka kulo naliphi na icala, ithathwa njengento eguquguqukayo. Oku kunokwenzeka ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukeneyo. Izalathisi zoqoqosho dlala indima ebalulekileyo. Ngokomzekelo, utshintsho olukhawulezayo kwizinga lokungasebenzi, i-GDP, okanye ukunyuka kwamaxabiso kunokubangela ukuguquguquka kweemarike.
Ukwengeza, iziganeko ezinkulu zezopolitiko kunokubangela ukuguquguquka okukhulu kwimarike. Iziphumo zonyulo, utshintsho kwimigaqo-nkqubo karhulumente, okanye ukuxhatshazwa kwe-geopolitical konke kunokukhokelela ekungaqiniseki phakathi kwabatyali-mali, ngaloo ndlela ukwandisa ukuguquguquka kweemarike.
Ngaphezu koko, iingxaki zemali zidume ngokubangela ukuguquguquka kweemarike. Ingxaki yezemali ka-2008 ngumzekelo obalaseleyo, apho iimarike zehlabathi ziye zafumana ukuguquguquka okugqithisileyo ngenxa yokuwa kwamaziko amakhulu emali.
Gqi beleni, imakethi yentengiso yenye into ebalulekileyo. Imvakalelo ehlangeneyo yabatyali-mali, nokuba banethemba okanye abanathemba, inokuchaphazela kakhulu ukuguquguquka kweemarike. Oku kudla ngokuphenjelelwa ziindaba, amarhe neentelekelelo.
Ukuqonda ezi zizathu linyathelo lokuqala ekuxhaseni ukuguquguquka kweemarike. Ndixhobe ngolu lwazi, traders banokwenza izigqibo ezinolwazi kwaye bajike ukuguquguquka kwentengiso kwintengiso yabovantage.
1.2. Ukulinganisa Ukuguquguquka kweMarike
Ukuqonda i-ebb kunye nokuhamba kwemarike yinkalo ebalulekileyo yorhwebo oluyimpumelelo. Enye yezinto eziphambili ukuba traders jonga yi okungazinzi kweemalike. Kukubetha kwentliziyo yemarike, i-pulse ebonisa impilo kunye nomoya worhwebo.
Ukuguquguquka kweemarike kunokulinganiswa kusetyenziswa izixhobo ezininzi kunye nezalathisi, nganye ineembono zayo ezizodwa. Eyona isetyenziswa kakhulu yi VIX okanye I-Volatility Index, edla ngokubizwa ngokuba 'yigeyiji yoloyiko'. Esi salathisi silinganisa ulindelo lwemarike yokuguquguquka kwexesha elizayo, ukubonelela traders kunye nomfanekiso okhawulezayo wemo yemarike.
Enye indlela yokulinganisa ukuguquguquka kweemarike kukusebenzisa Bollinger uZintya. Ezi zibhendi zokuguquguquka ezibekwe ngaphezulu nangaphantsi umlinganiselo ohambayo, apho ukuguquguquka kusekelwe ekuphambukeni okusemgangathweni, okutshintshayo njengoko ukunyuka kwanda okanye kuncipha.
The Umndilili woloRhoqo (ATR) sesinye isixhobo eso traders ukusebenzisa. Ilinganisa ukuguquguquka kweemarike ngokubola lonke uluhlu lwexabiso le-asethi ngelo xesha.
Ukuguquguquka ngokwembali (HV), kwelinye icala, ujonga kwixesha elidlulileyo. Ilinganisa utshintsho lwemihla ngemihla lwexabiso le-asethi kulo nyaka uphelileyo, ibonelela ngembono ebanzi yokuguquguquka kwemarike.
Ngelixa ezi zixhobo zibonelela ngomlinganiselo wokuguquguquka kweemarike, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba zizixhobo nje. Banokukunceda ukuba uhambe emanzini e-choppy yehlabathi lokurhweba, kodwa abanakho ukungaphumeleli. Ukuqonda ukuguquguquka kweemarike akukhona nje ngamanani kunye neetshathi; imalunga nokuqonda isayikholoji yemarike, imisinga esisiseko eqhuba utshintsho lwamaxabiso.
Ukusebenzisa ezi zixhobo ngokufanelekileyo inokubonelela traders ngentengiso ebalulekileyovantage, ebavumela ukuba basebenzise ukuguquguquka kweemarike ukuze bazuze. Ngokuqonda xa imarike inokuthi iguquguquke, traders banokuhlengahlengisa izicwangciso zabo ngokufanelekileyo, bethatha intengisovantage yokutshintsha kwamaxabiso ukwandisa inzuzo yabo.
Khumbula, ukuguquguquka kweemarike asiyonto imele yoyike; yinto emele iqondwe, ilinganiswe, kwaye isetyenziswe. Kukubetha kwentliziyo kwimarike, kwaye ukuyiqonda inokuba sisitshixo sorhwebo oluyimpumelelo.
2. Amaqhinga okuNyusa uZinzo lweMarike
Ukwamkela ukuguquguquka kweemarike ingaba sisixhobo esinamandla se traders abayaziyo indlela yokuyisebenzisa. Xa iimarike ziguquguquka, akuqhelekanga ukubona ukuguquka okumangalisayo kumaxabiso esitokhwe. Oku kunokudala amathuba kubatyali-mali abanolwazi abakwaziyo ukudlala amakhadi abo ngokufanelekileyo.
Okokuqala, cinga ngokuqesha a straddle strategy. Oku kubandakanya ukuthenga zombini inketho yokufowuna kunye nenketho yokubeka kwi-asethi efanayo esisiseko, ngexabiso elifanayo logwayimbo kunye nomhla wokuphelelwa. Nangona kunokuvakala ngathi kuchasene nokubhejela kunye nakwi-asethi, le ndlela inokuhlawula kwiimarike eziguquguqukayo. Ukuba ixabiso le-asethi litshintsha kakhulu kulo naliphi na icala, enye yeendlela ozikhethayo inokuphelela nzulu emalini, inokuthi ihlawule nayiphi na ilahleko kwelinye inketho kwaye emva koko.
Okwesibini, cinga ukusebenzisa ukumisa ilahleko. Ezi ziyilelwe ukunciphisa ilahleko yomtyali-mali kwisithuba sokhuseleko. Ngokumisela ixabiso elimiselweyo ekuza kuthengiswa ngalo ukuba ixabiso liyancipha, unokunqanda ilahleko enkulu ngexesha lokuhla kweemarike.
Okwesithathu, ulwahlulo ngundoqo. Ukusasaza utyalo-mali lwakho kuluhlu olubanzi lwee-asethi kunokunceda ukunciphisa umngcipheko. Ngokungawabeki onke amaqanda akho kwingobozi enye, unokuhlangabezana ngcono nesaqhwithi sokuguquguquka kweemarike.
Gqibela, oluxhathisayo inokuba sisixhobo esinamandla kwizandla ezichanekileyo. Oku kubandakanya ukusebenzisa imali ebolekiweyo ukwandisa imbuyekezo enokubakho kutyalo-mali. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba ngelixa i-leverage inokwandisa inzuzo, inokunyusa ilahleko. Ke ngoko, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa amandla ngobulumko kwaye uqwalasele imingcipheko enokubakho kunye nemivuzo enokubakho.
Khumbula, ngelixa iimarike eziguquguqukayo zinokoyikisa, zinokubonisa amathuba awodwa kwabo bazilungiseleleyo. Ngokusebenzisa ezi zicwangciso, unokuguqula ukuguquguquka kwentengiso kwintengiso yakhovantage.
2.1. Ukusebenzisa i-Derivatives ukuHedge ngokuchasene nokuguquguquka
Iziphumo, izixhobo ezixabiso lithatyathwe kwi-asethi esisiseko, intengiso traders ithuba elikhethekileyo lokubiyela ngokuchasene nokuguquguquka kweemarike. Ezi zixhobo zemali, ezibandakanya iinketho, ikamva, kunye nokutshintsha, zivumela traders ukuyila amacebo anokuthi enze ingeniso kutshintsho oluguquguqukayo kunye noguquko lwemarike.
Thatha, umzekelo, a Beka ukhetho. Le mveliso inika umnini ilungelo, kodwa ingelulo uxanduva, lokuthengisa ubungakanani obuthile be-asethi ethile ngexabiso elimiselweyo ngexesha elibekiweyo. Ukuba ixabiso lemakethi ye-asethi esisiseko liyehla, ukhetho lokubeka luyanyuka ngexabiso, lubonelela ngokufanelekileyo uthango ngokuchasene nokuhla kwamaxabiso.
Iikontrakthi zekamva, kwelinye icala, zizivumelwano zokuthenga okanye ukuthengisa i-asethi ngomhla wexesha elizayo ngexabiso elithile. TradeI-RS inokusebenzisa ixesha elizayo ukutshixa ixabiso le-asethi, inciphisa umngcipheko onxulunyaniswa nokuguquguquka kwexabiso okungalindelekanga. Ukuba ixabiso lemarike liguquka ngokungathandekiyo, ikhontrakthi yexesha elizayo inokuphelisa ilahleko.
I-Swaps lolunye uhlobo lwento ephuma kuyo enokusetyenziswa ukubiyela ngokuchasene nokuguquguquka. Ezi khontrakthi zibandakanya utshintshiselwano lolunye uhlobo lwesixhobo sezemali ukuya kolunye, olufana nokutshintsha umyinge wenzala oguquguqukayo kweso sisisigxina. Oku kunokunceda ukukhusela kumngcipheko wokuguquguquka kwexabiso lenzala.
Kwihlabathi lorhwebo, ulwazi ngamandla. Okukhona uqonda malunga nezinto eziphuma kuzo kunye nendlela ezinokuthi zisetyenziswe ngayo ukubiyela ngokuchasene nokuguquguquka, kokukhona ukuxhotyiswe ngcono ukuhamba emanzini anesiphithiphithi semarike. Nokuba ungumntu onamava trader okanye ukuqala nje, kuyafaneleka ukuhlola amandla okuphuma njengesixhobo sokulawula umngcipheko kunye nokwandisa imbuyekezo.
2.2. Ukwahluka njengeSixhobo esichasene nokuguquguquka
Xa sijongene nokuguquguquka kweemarike, i-savvy trader uyawaqonda amandla ohlukeneyo. ukohlulwa ayilogama nje eliphoswa ngapha nangapha kwizangqa zemali, kodwa sisixhobo esinamandla esinokuthomalalisa kakhulu iziphumo zokuguquguquka kweemarike. Kodwa kuthetha ukuthini ukwahlukana? Ukubeka nje, kuthetha ukusasaza utyalo-mali lwakho kwiintlobo ngeentlobo zee-asethi ezifana esitokisini, iibhondi, izinto zorhwebo, kwanezindlu nomhlaba.
Yicinge ngokungawabeki onke amaqanda akho kwingobozi enye. Ukuba iklasi enye ye-asethi ibetha, abanye banokuhlawula ilahleko. Ngale ndlela, nokuba icandelo okanye imarike ifumana ukuhla, ipotifoliyo yakho iyonke ayinakuhlupheka kangako.
Ingaba iyantlukwano isebenza njani ngokuchasene nokuguquguquka? Ngokwendalo yayo, ulwahlulo lunciphisa umngcipheko onxulumene nokungacingelwa kotyalo-mali olunye. Ukuba unalo lonke utyalo-mali lwakho kwizitokhwe zetekhnoloji, umzekelo, kwaye ishishini letekhnoloji lithatha ukubetha, ipotifoliyo yakho inokwehla. Kodwa ukuba uye wasasaza utyalo-mali lwakho kumacandelo ahlukeneyo kunye neeklasi ze-asethi, ukuhla kwindawo enye kunokulungiswa kuzinzo okanye ukuzuza kwenye.
Ukwahluka kukwavumela ukukhula okunokubakho kumacandelo awohlukeneyo. Njengoko elinye ishishini lidodobala, elinye lisenokukhula. Ngokuba nepotifoliyo eyohlukeneyo, uzinika ithuba lokuxhamla kolu tshintsho kwimarike.
Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukukhumbula oko Ukwahluka akusosiqinisekiso ngokuchasene nelahleko. Sisicwangciso esilungiselelwe ukulawula umngcipheko kunye nokugudisa ukuguquguquka kweemarike eziphezulu kunye namazantsi. Yindlela yexesha elide efuna umonde kunye nokuqonda okunzulu kweenjongo zakho zotyalo-mali kunye nokunyamezela umngcipheko.
Ukomelela ngokufanelekileyo ukuguquguquka kweemarike, kubalulekile ukugcina ipotifoliyo eyohlukeneyo. Le ndlela inokubonelela ngesithintelo ngokuchasene nokujika okungalindelekanga kwemarike, ngelixa ikwakubeka kwindawo yokuba uthathe intengiso.vantage yamathuba njengoko evela.
Khumbula, ulwahlulo ayisosicwangciso esilinganayo sonke. Kufuneka ilungelelaniswe neemfuno zakho ezithile, iinjongo, kunye nokunyamezela umngcipheko. Ipotfoliyo eyahlulwe kakuhle yenye yezona zixhobo zisebenzayo kuluhlu lwakho ngokuchasene nokuguquguquka kweemarike.
2.3. Iindlela zokuRhweba ngoBuchule kwiiMarike eziguquguqukayo
Iqhinga izicwangciso zorhwebo zizixhobo ezifihlakeleyo eziye zafakwa uju traders kwiimarike ezingalindelekanga kunye neziguquguqukayo. Ezi zicwangciso azikho kubantu abantliziyo zityhafileyo, njengoko zifuna ukuqonda okunzulu kweendlela zentengiso kunye nokuzimisela ukuthatha imingcipheko ebalwayo. Nangona kunjalo, xa zisetyenziswe ngokuchanekileyo, zinokukhokelela kwimbuyekezo ebalulekileyo.
Esinye isicwangciso esinjalo urhwebo lwe-straddle. Esi sicwangciso sibandakanya ukuthenga zombini umnxeba kunye nenketho yokubeka i-asethi efanayo ngexabiso elifanayo logwayimbo kunye nomhla wokuphelelwa. Le ndlela inenzuzo xa ulindele ukuhamba kwexabiso elikhulu kodwa ungaqinisekanga ngesikhokelo. Ukurhweba nge-Straddle kukuvumela ukuba wenze inzuzo ekuguquguqukeni kweemarike, nokuba ithini na indlela imarike iguquka ngayo.
Esinye isicwangciso sobuchule sokurhweba kwiimarike eziguquguqukayo Ukuguqula ukurhweba. Jingi traders yenza imali kwinguqu yendalo yamaxabiso emarike. Bathenga emazantsi e-swing kwaye bathengise phezulu, babambe umehluko wexabiso njengenzuzo. Nangona esi sicwangciso sifuna ukujongwa ngokusondeleyo kwiintsingiselo zemarike kunye nokwenziwa kwezigqibo ngokukhawuleza, kunokuba nengeniso ephezulu kwimarike eguquguqukayo.
Scalping sisicwangciso esibandakanya ukwenza ezininzi trades ngaphakathi kosuku, ukuthatha intengisovantage ngexabiso elincinci ikhefu ezibangelwa kubhid--cela ukusasazeka. I-Scalpers ijolise ekwenzeni inzuzo encinci, rhoqo, enokuthi idibanise ixesha elide. Ngelixa i-scalping ifuna ukuzibophelela kwexesha elibalulekileyo kunye nezakhono zokurhweba ezibukhali, inokuba yindlela esebenzayo yokunyusa ukuguquguquka kweemarike.
Ukurhweba ngababini sesinye isicwangciso sobuchule sokurhweba esilungele iimarike eziguquguqukayo. Esi sicwangciso siquka ukubhanqa ii-asethi ezimbini ezisondeleleneyo, ukuthenga enye kunye nokuthengisa ngokufutshane enye. Xa unxulumano phakathi kwezi zinto zimbini lubuyela kwimeko yalo yesiqhelo, traders ingenza ingeniso. Esi sicwangciso siluncedo kakhulu kwiimarike eziguquguqukayo, njengoko zinokunceda ukunciphisa umngcipheko.
Gqi beleni, ngesantya urhwebo sisicwangciso esibandakanya ukuthenga ii-asethi ezihamba phambili kunye nokuzithengisa ngokukhawuleza nje ukuba zibonise iimpawu zokubuyela umva. Umfutho traders baxhomekeke kwiintshukumo zamaxabiso zexesha elifutshane kunye neendlela zokwenza iingeniso zabo. Ngelixa esi sicwangciso sinokuba yingozi, ngakumbi kwiimarike eziguquguqukayo, sinokuvelisa imbuyekezo enkulu ukuba siphunyezwe ngokuchanekileyo.
Khumbula, ezi zicwangciso zobuchule zokurhweba zifuna ukuqonda okunzulu kweendlela zemarike, ukuzimisela ukuthatha umngcipheko obalwayo, kunye nokukwazi ukwenza ngokukhawuleza. Noko ke, banokunceda traders iphakamisa ukuguquguquka kwemarike kwaye ibenakho ukuzuza imbuyekezo ebalulekileyo.
3. Ulawulo loMngcipheko kwiiMarike eziguquguqukayo
Ukuguquguquka kweemarike no kuba trader umhlobo osenyongweni okanye utshaba olubi, kuxhomekeke kwindlela umntu ahamba ngayo. Ifana nerhamncwa lasendle, elingadyojwanga; engalindelekanga kwaye kaninzi kunzima ukuyilawula. Kodwa, ngokufanelekileyo izicwangciso zokulawula umngcipheko, unokuguqula eli rhamncwa libe ngumhlobo onamandla kuhambo lwakho oluya kwimpumelelo yezemali.
Okokuqala, ukuqonda ingqikelelo ye imiyalelo yokuyeka ilahleko ibalulekile. Esi sixhobo sikuvumela ukuba usete ixabiso elimisiweyo apho yakho trade iya kuvala ngokuzenzekelayo, ngaloo ndlela inciphisa ilahleko yakho enokwenzeka. Ngokomzekelo, ukuba uthenge isitokhwe kwi-50 yeedola, unokuseta i-odolo yelahleko yokuyeka kwi-45 yeedola. Ngale ndlela, ukuba imakethi ithatha i-nosedive, ilahleko yakho ayisayi kudlula i-10%.
Okulandelayo, yahlula ipotifoliyo yakho. ukohlulwa sisicwangciso esivavanywe ixesha esibandakanya ukusasaza utyalo-mali lwakho kwii-asethi ezahlukeneyo okanye iindidi ze-asethi ukunciphisa umngcipheko. Khawube nomfanekiso wakho unawo onke amaqanda akho kwingobozi enye; ukuba loo bhaskithi iyawa, onke amaqanda akho ayaphuka. Kodwa ukuba amaqanda akho asasazeke kwiibhaskithi ezininzi, umngcipheko wawo onke amaqanda aqhekekileyo ngexesha elinye uyancipha kakhulu.
Esinye isicwangciso esibalulekileyo sokulawula ingozi ubungakanani bendawo. Oku kubandakanya ukugqiba ukuba ingakanani inkunzi yakho onokuthi uyibeke emngciphekweni kuyo nayiphi na enye trade. Umgaqo oqhelekileyo wesithupha awuyikubeka emngciphekweni ngaphezu kwe-1-2% ye-akhawunti yakho yokurhweba enye trade. Ngale ndlela, nokuba a trade iya emazantsi, ayizukucima iakhawunti yakho yonke.
Izalathisi zokuguquguquka zikwazizixhobo eziluncedo zokulawula umngcipheko kwiimarike eziguquguqukayo. Ezi zalathisi zilinganisa ulindelo lwemarike yokuguquguquka kwexesha elizayo kwaye zinokubonelela ngezimvo ezixabisekileyo kwiimvakalelo zentengiso. Ngokomzekelo, isalathisi esiphezulu se-volatility index sicebisa ukuba traders ilindele ukutshintshwa kwexabiso okubalulekileyo, okunokubonisa amathuba orhwebo anokubakho okanye imingcipheko.
Okokugqibela, hlala unolwazi. Okukhona unolwazi oluthe kratya malunga nemarike kunye notyalo-mali lwakho, kokukhona uyakuxhobela ukwenza izigqibo ezifanelekileyo. Hlala uphonononga ipotifoliyo yakho yotyalo-mali, uhambisane neendaba zezimali, kwaye ngokuqhubekayo uzifundise malunga nezicwangciso ezahlukeneyo zotyalo-mali kunye nezixhobo.
Kwihlabathi lorhwebo, ukuguquguquka kunokuba likrele elintlangothi-mbini. Kodwa ngezicwangciso ezichanekileyo zokulawula umngcipheko, unokuwasebenzisa amandla ayo kwintengiso yakhovantage. Khumbula, injongo ayikokuphelisa umngcipheko kodwa kukulawula ngokufanelekileyo. Ngapha koko, ngaphandle komngcipheko, akunakubakho mvuzo.
3.1. Ukubaluleka kweMiyalelo ye-Stop-Loss
Kwihlabathi elinesiphithiphithi sorhwebo, apho ukuguquguquka kwemarike kuqinisekileyo njengokuphuma kwelanga, isixhobo esinye simi njenge trader eyona ndlela yokuzikhusela ngokuchasene nokuhla okungalindelekanga: i ukuyeka ukulahleka. Esi sixhobo sixabisekileyo sikuvumela ukuba usete indawo yokuthengisa emiselwe kwangaphambili, ngaloo ndlela unciphisa ilahleko yakho enokwenzeka. Umzekelo, ukuba a trader ithenga isitokhwe kwi-100 yeedola kwaye ibeka umyalelo wokulahlekelwa kokuyeka kwi-$ 90, isitokhwe siya kuthengiswa ngokuzenzekelayo ukuba ixabiso layo liwela kwi-$ 90, ngaloo ndlela trader ilahleko kwi 10%.
Imiyalelo yokuyeka ilahleko iluncedo kakhulu kwiimarike eziguquguqukayo. Bayakuvumela traders ukugcina ulawulo kwiipotfoliyo zabo, naxa bejongene neentshukumo zamaxabiso ezikhawulezayo nezingalindelekanga. Ngokumisela umyalelo wokuyeka ilahleko, a trader banokulala kamnandi, besazi ukuba banomlinganiselo wokhuseleko ekuthotyweni kweemarike ngequbuliso.
Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba imiyalelo yokuyeka ilahleko ayilonyango. Abakwazi ukukhusela kuzo zonke iintlobo zomngcipheko, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha banokukhokelela kwilahleko ukuba ixabiso lesitokhwe libuyisela ngokukhawuleza emva kokubetha i-stop-loss point. Kodwa kwisikimu esikhulu sezinto, izibonelelo zee-odolo zelahleko zokuyeka zodlula le miqobo inokubakho. Ziyiqhinga eliphambili lokulawula umngcipheko kunye nokunyusa ukuguquguquka kweemarike kwintengiso yakhovantage.
Ukusebenzisa ii-odolo ze-stop-loss ngempumelelo kufuna ingcinga ecokisekileyo kunye nesicwangciso sobuchule. Traders kufuneka ithathele ingqalelo izinto ezifana nokuguquguquka kwesitokhwe, umthamo wayo worhwebo, kunye nokusebenza kwayo ngokwembali. Ukuseta i-odolo yelahleko yokuyeka kufutshane kakhulu nexabiso lokuthenga kunokubangela ukuthengisa kwangaphambi kwexesha, ngoxa ukuyibeka kude kakhulu kunokukhokelela kwilahleko engeyomfuneko.
Ekugqibeleni, ukusetyenziswa ngempumelelo kwee-odolo zokulahlekelwa kokuyeka kufana nobugcisa njengesayensi. Kodwa ngokusebenza kunye namava, traders zinako funda ukwandisa esi sixhobo ukuhamba emanzini aguquguqukayo okuguquguquka kweemarike ngokuzithemba kunye nokuzola.
3.2. Ukuhlengahlengiswa kwePotfoliyo: Ukugcina iProfayile yakho yoMngcipheko
Ukuhlengahlengiswa kwepotfoliyo bubugcisa obunokwenza okanye baphule impumelelo yakho yokurhweba, ngakumbi ngamaxesha okuguquguquka kweemarike. Konke kumalunga nokugcina iprofayile yakho yomngcipheko, ukuqinisekisa ukuba utyalo-mali lwakho luhambelana nokunyamezela kwakho umngcipheko kunye neenjongo zemali.
Kodwa yintoni i-portfolio rebalancing? Yinkqubo yokulungelelanisa umlinganiselo wepotfoliyo yee-asethi. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, olunye utyalo-mali lwakho lunokuvelisa imbuyekezo ephezulu kunezinye, lutshintshe ibhalansi yepotfoliyo yakho. Ukuba ayikhange iqwalaselwe, oku kunokukubeka kwinqanaba lomngcipheko ongaphaya kwendawo yakho yokuthuthuzela.
Apha kulapho uhlengahlengiso lwepotfoliyo lusebenza khona. Ibandakanya ukuthenga okanye ukuthengisa ii-asethi ukugcina ulwabiwo lwe-asethi oyifunayo. Oku kunokuthetha ukuthengisa ii-asethi ezisebenza kakhulu kwaye kuthengwe ngakumbi kwezo zingasebenzanga kakuhle. Oku kunokuziva kuchasene, kodwa khumbula, konke kumalunga nokugcina iprofayile yakho yomngcipheko.
Ngaba oku kuphucula ukuguquguquka kweemarike? Iimarike eziguquguqukayo zihlala zibonwa njengengozi, kodwa zinokubonisa namathuba. Ngesicwangciso esifanelekileyo, ukuguquguquka kweemarike kunokuba ngumhlobo wakho.
Ukuhlaziya kwakhona iphothifoliyo yakho ikuvumela ukuba uthathe intengisovantage koku kuguquguquka kweemarike. Xa amaxabiso eguquka, unokuthenga okuphantsi kwaye uthengise phezulu, ukwandisa imbuyekezo yakho. Yindlela yokwenza izinto efuna ukuphaphela nokuziphatha kakuhle.
Kodwa khumbula, ukubuyisela ulungelelwaniso ayisosiganeko sexesha elinye. Yinkqubo eqhubekayo efuna ukuphononongwa rhoqo kunye nohlengahlengiso. Ukuphindaphinda kohlengahlengiso kuya kuxhomekeka kwizinto ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanywa iimeko zemarike kunye neenjongo zakho zotyalo-mali.
Ukuthatha okuphambili:
- Ukuhlengahlengisa ipotfoliyo imalunga nokugcina iprofayile yakho yomngcipheko.
- Kubandakanya ukulungelelanisa umlinganiselo wepotfoliyo yakho ukuze ihambelane nolwabiwo lwe-asethi oyifunayo.
- Ukuhlengahlengisa kukuvumela ukuba uphakamise ukuguquguquka kweemarike, ukuthenga okuphantsi kunye nokuthengisa okuphezulu.
- Yinkqubo eqhubekayo efuna ukuphononongwa rhoqo kunye nohlengahlengiso.
Ukuhlengahlengiswa kwepotfoliyo sisixhobo esibalulekileyo kumntu wonke trader. Ikuvumela ukuba uhlale ulawula, nakwiimarike eziguquguqukayo. Ngesicwangciso esifanelekileyo, unokuguqula ukuguquguquka kwemarike ibe ngumhlobo onamandla, ukwandisa imbuyekezo yakho ngelixa unciphisa umngcipheko.
3.3. Ukulawula uvakalelo kunye nokuziphatha kwiiMarike eziguquguqukayo
Ukulawula iimvakalelo kwaye ingqeqesho ziintsika ezimbini ezibalulekileyo kwihlabathi lezorhwebo, ngakumbi xa kuhanjwa kumaza axokozelayo weemarike eziguquguqukayo. Ubume bemarike obungacingelekiyo bunokubangela iimvakalelo eziguquguqukayo - ukusuka kwi-euphoria ukuya kwixhala, elinokuthi lisithe isigwebo kwaye likhokelele kwizigqibo ezingxamisekileyo.
Ukulawula iimvakalelo asikokuzicinezela iimvakalelo zakho; imalunga nokubamkela kwaye ungabavumeli ukuba balawule izigqibo zakho zokurhweba. Ukuhla kwemarike ngesiquphe kunokubangela uloyiko, kodwa endaweni yokuthengisa ukoyikeka, ingqeqesho trader iya kuvavanya imeko ngokungathathi cala, ithathele ingqalelo imbono yexesha elide, kwaye inokukubona oku njengethuba lokuthenga.
ingqeqesho, kwelinye icala, kukukwazi ukunamathela kwakho cwangciso so shishino, nangona imarike ibonakala ichasene nawe. Kumalunga nokuba nomonde wokulinda ithuba lokurhweba elilungileyo kunye nesibindi sokwenza xa lifika. Kumalunga nokuseta kunye nokuhlonipha ilahleko yakho yokuyeka kunye nenqanaba lokuthatha inzuzo, kwaye ungavumeli ukubawa okanye uloyiko lukulawule.
- Ukulawula iimvakalelo kwaye ingqeqesho asizizo iimpawu zemvelo; zizakhono ezinokuphuhliswa kwaye ziphuculwe. Ukucamngca rhoqo, ukuzivocavoca kwengqondo, kunye nokugcina ijenali yokurhweba zezinye iindlela zokuhlakulela ezi zakhono.
- Khumbula, imarike ayisiyontshaba ekumele yoyiswe; yinkqubo yendalo entsonkothileyo ekufuneka iqondwe kwaye ijongwe. Ulawulo lweemvakalelo kunye noqeqesho yikhampasi yakho kunye nesixhobo sokulawula kolu hambo.
Xa sijongene nokuguquguquka kweemarike, i traders abanokugcina iimvakalelo zabo zijonge kwaye babambelele kwisicwangciso sabo sokurhweba ngabo baya kukwazi ukusebenzisa ezi meko zentengiso kwintengiso yabo.vantage. Njengentsomi trader UJesse Livermore wakhe wathi, βUmdlalo wentelekelelo ngowona mdlalo unomtsalane ngokufanayo kwihlabathi. Kodwa asingomdlalo wesidenge, amavila ngokwasengqondweni, amadoda akwizinga eliphantsi ngokweemvakalelo, okanye kumntu othanda ukutyeba ngokukhawuleza. Baza kufa bengamahlwempu.
