1. Amagqabantshintshi ngeSalathi seZithuba
1.1 Yintoni iZithuba?
Izikhewu ziyinto eqhelekileyo kwiimarike zemali, zihlala zibonwa kwisitokhwe, forex, kunye norhwebo lwexesha elizayo. Bamele iindawo kwitshathi apho ixabiso lokhuseleko lihamba ngokukhawuleza phezulu okanye phantsi, kunye nokurhweba okuncinci okanye akukho nto phakathi. Ngokusisiseko, i-gap ngumahluko phakathi kwexabiso lokuvala lexesha elinye kunye nexabiso lokuvula elilandelayo, elibonisa utshintsho oluphawulekayo kwimvakalelo yomtyali-mali okanye ukusabela kwiziganeko zeendaba.
1.2 Iintlobo zeZikhewu
Kukho iintlobo ezine eziphambili zezithuba, nganye ineempawu ezizodwa:
- Izikhewu eziqhelekileyo: Ezi zenzeka rhoqo kwaye azibonisi nakuphi na ukuhamba kwemarike okubalulekileyo. Zidla ngokuzaliswa ngokukhawuleza.
- Izikhewu zokuqhawula: Olu hlobo lwesikhewu lubonisa ukuqala kwendlela entsha yemarike, edla ngokwenzeka emva kwexesha lokudityaniswa kwexabiso.
- Ukubaleka okanye iZikhewu eziQhubekayo: Ezi zithuba zibonwa phakathi kwendlela kwaye zicebisa intshukumo eyomeleleyo yemarike kwicala lendlela.
- Izikhewu zokudinwa: Ukwenzeka kufutshane nesiphelo somkhwa, babonisa ukutyhaleka kokugqibela komkhondo ngaphambi kokubuyisela umva okanye ukucotha okukhulu.
1.3 Ukubaluleka kuRhwebo
Izikhewu zibalulekile traders njengoko zinokubonisa ukuqala kwendlela entsha, ukuqhubeka kwendlela ekhoyo, okanye ukuphela kwendlela. Zihlala zisetyenziswa ngokudibeneyo nezinye uhlalutyo yobugcisa izixhobo zokuqinisekisa iintsingiselo kunye nokuvelisa iimpawu zokurhweba.
1.4 Intengisovantages kunye neMida
- Advantages:
- Izikhewu zinokubonelela ngeempawu zokuqala zotshintsho lweemvakalelo zentengiso.
- Bahlala behamba kunye nemiqulu ephezulu yokurhweba, yongeza ukubaluleka kwabo.
- Izikhewu zinokusebenza njengenkxaso okanye amanqanaba okuchasa kwiintshukumo zamaxabiso.
- Imida:
- Ayizizo zonke izikhewu ezibonelela ngengqiqo enentsingiselo, ngakumbi izikhewu eziqhelekileyo.
- Basenokuba balahlekisa kwiimarike eziguquguqukayo kakhulu.
- Izikhewu zixhomekeke kakhulu ekutolikweni komxholo kwaye zisetyenziswa kakuhle nezinye izalathisi.
1.5 Izicelo kuzo zonke iiMarike
Ngelixa izikhewu zihlala zinxulunyaniswa neemarike zemasheya, zikwajongwa kwakhona forex, imveliso, kunye neemarike zexesha elizayo. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yobume beeyure ezingama-24 kwezinye iimarike ezifana forex, izikhewu zibonwa ngokuyintloko emva kweempelaveki okanye iiholide.
| umba | inkcazelo |
|---|---|
| indalo | Iindawo ezikwitshathi apho ixabiso litsiba phakathi kwamaxesha amabini okurhweba ngaphandle kweyiphi na trades phakathi. |
| iintlobo | Okuqhelekileyo, Ukuqhawula, Ukubaleka / Ukuqhubeka, Ukukhathala |
| Ukubaluleka | Bonisa utshintsho kwiimvakalelo zemarike kunye neendlela. |
| Advantages | Iimpawu zokuqala, ezihamba nomthamo ophezulu, inkxaso / amanqanaba okuchasa |
| Imida | Ingalahlekisa, ixhomekeke kumxholo wemarike, ifuna izikhombisi ezongezelelweyo |
| Izicelo zeMarike | Impahla, forex, iimpahla, ikamva |
2. Inkqubo yokubala kunye neenkcukacha zobuGcisa
2.1 Ukuchonga iZikhewu kwiitshathi
Izikhewu zichongwa ngokubonakalayo kwitshathi yexabiso. Zibonakala njengeendawo apho kungekho rhwebo lwenziweyo. Inkqubo yokubala ithe ngqo:
- Ngomsantsa oPhezulu: Ixabiso eliphantsi emva kwe-gap liphezulu kunexabiso eliphezulu ngaphambi kwe-gap.
- Ngesithuba esisezantsi: Ixabiso eliphezulu emva kwe-gap liphantsi kunelona xabiso liphantsi ngaphambi kwe-gap.
2.2 Amaxesha amisiweyo kunye neendidi zeetshathi
Izikhewu zinokuchongwa kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo zeetshathi (umgca, ibha, isiphatho sekhandlela) kunye namaxesha (imihla ngemihla, ngeveki, njl.). Nangona kunjalo, ngokuqhelekileyo zihlalutywa kwiitshathi zemihla ngemihla ukuze zicace.
2.3 Ukulinganisa uMsantsa
Ubungakanani bomsantsa bunokubonelela ngembono kwintengiso yentengiso:
- Ubungakanani beGap = Ixabiso lokuvula (i-Post-Gap) - Ixabiso lokuvala (Phambi kwe-Gap)
- Kwizithuba ezihlayo, ifomula iyatshintshwa.
2.4 Izalathisi zobuGcisa zoHlalutyo lweemeko
Ngelixa izikhewu ngokwazo zingenalo ubalo oluntsonkothileyo, ukubaluleka kwazo kuhlala kuvavanywa ngokudityaniswa nezinye izikhombisi zobugcisa ezifana:
- Umqulu: Umthamo ophezulu ungabonakalisa amandla esithuba.
- Imilinganiselo yokuHamba: Ukuqonda umkhwa okhoyo.
- Ii-Oscillators (efana RSI or MACD): Ukulinganisa imarike ngesantya.
2.5 Iipateni zeetshathi
Traders kwakhona ijonga iipateni zetshathi ezijikeleze izithuba zoqikelelo olungcono, olunje:
- Iiflegi okanye iiPennants: Inokwakheka emva komsantsa obonisa ukuqhubeka.
- INtloko kunye namaGxa: Iyakwazi ukubuyisela umva emva kwesithuba sokudinwa.
2.6 Ukufunyanwa okuzenzekelayo
Iiplatifti zokurhweba eziphezulu zihlala zibonelela ngezixhobo zokufumanisa i-gap ngokuzenzekelayo, ziqaqambise kwiitshathi ukuze kube lula ukuhlalutya.
| umba | inkcazelo |
|---|---|
| Uchonga | Ukuchongwa okubonakalayo kwiitshathi zexabiso |
| Ifomula yokubala | Ngezithuba eziphezulu: Ixabiso lokuvula - Ixabiso lokuvala; kwizithuba ezihlayo, ifomula iyatshintshwa |
| Amaxesha afanelekileyo | Uninzi luhlalutywa rhoqo kwiitshathi zemihla ngemihla |
| Iimpawu ezongezelelweyo | Umthamo, i-Avareji ehambayo, ii-Oscillators |
| Iipateni zetshathi | Iiflegi, iiPennants, iNtloko kunye namagxa, njl. |
| into yokuZenzekelayo | Amaqonga amaninzi okurhweba anikezela ngezixhobo zokubonwa kwe-gap ngokuzenzekelayo |
3. IiNqobo eziNgcono eziLungileyo zokuSeta ngamaxesha ahlukeneyo
3.1 Iingqwalasela zeXesha
Ukubaluleka kwezikhewu kunokwahluka kakhulu ngokuxhomekeke kwixesha elibekelwe ukucazululwa. Ngokwesiqhelo, amaxesha amade (njengeetshathi zeveki okanye zenyanga) abonisa utshintsho olubaluleke ngakumbi kwintengiso, ngelixa amaxesha amafutshane anokubonisa iimvakalelo zentengiso ezidlulayo.
3.2 Ixesha elimiselweyo leMihla
- Ilungele: Ukuchonga uninzi lweentlobo zezithuba.
- Ubungakanani beSikhewu esiLungileyo: Ubungakanani besithuba esingaphezu kwe-2% yexabiso lesitokhwe ngokuqhelekileyo kuthathwa njengento ebalulekileyo.
- Umqulu: Umthamo ophezulu we-post-gap uqinisekisa amandla.
3.3 Ixesha elimiselweyo leVeki
- Ilungele: Ukuchonga uvakalelo lwentengiso yexesha elide kunye nokutshintsha kwendlela.
- Ubungakanani beSikhewu esiLungileyo: Izikhewu ezinkulu (ngaphezu kwe-3-5% yexabiso lesitokhwe) zibaluleke kakhulu.
- Umqulu: Ukungaguquguquki kwe-volume post-gap kwiiveki ezininzi komeleza ukubaluleka kwesikhewu.
3.4 Amaxesha amisiweyo emini (1H, 4H)
- Ilungele: Ukurhweba kwexesha elifutshane kunye nemidlalo ye-gap.
- Ubungakanani beSikhewu esiLungileyo: Izikhewu ezincinci (i-1% okanye ngaphantsi) ziqhelekileyo kwaye zinokunika amathuba okuthengisa ngokukhawuleza.
- Umqulu: Umthamo ophezulu ngokukhawuleza emva kokuba i-gap ibalulekile ekuqinisekiseni.
3.5 Forex kunye neeMarike zeeyure ezingama-24
- Ingqwalasela eyodwa: Izikhewu aziqhelekanga ngenxa yendalo yeeyure ezingama-24 kodwa zibalulekile xa zisenzeka emva kweempelaveki okanye iziganeko ezinkulu zeendaba.
- Ubungakanani beSikhewu esiLungileyo: Kuxhomekeke kwi-currency pair volatility; ngokuqhelekileyo, isithuba se-20-50 pips sinokuphawuleka.
- Umqulu: Uhlalutyo lwevolumu aluthanga ngqo kwi forex; ezinye izikhombisi ezifana nemilinganiselo yokuguquguquka zibaluleke ngakumbi.
| Ixesha elibekiwe | Ubungakanani boMsantsa oLungileyo | Ukuqwalaselwa komthamo | amaNqaku |
|---|---|---|---|
| mihla le | >2% yexabiso lesitokhwe | I-post-gap yevolumu ephezulu | Eyona nto ixhaphakileyo kuhlalutyo lwe-gap |
| ngeveki | I-3-5% yexabiso lesitokhwe | Umthamo ophezulu ohambelanayo kwiiveki | Ibonisa iintsingiselo zexesha elide |
| Ngemini (1H, 4H) | Iipesenti ezingama-1 okanye ngaphantsi | Umthamo ophezulu ngoko nangoko | Ifanele ixesha elifutshane trades |
| Forex/24-iyure | 20-50 pips | Ezinye izikhombisi ezifana nokuguquguquka zifanelekile ngakumbi | Izithuba zinqabile kodwa zibalulekile |
4. Ukutolikwa kweSalathi seZithuba
4.1 Ukuqonda iimpembelelo zeSikhewu
Ukutolika izikhewu ngokuchanekileyo kubalulekile ekwenzeni izigqibo zorhwebo unolwazi. Ubume bomsantsa buhlala bubonisa iintshukumo ezinokubakho zentengiso:
- Izikhewu eziqhelekileyo: Ngokuqhelekileyo azihoywa njengoko zingabonisi utshintsho olubalulekileyo lwemarike.
- Izikhewu zokuqhawula: Xa i-gap ibonakala ngaphezu kwinqanaba lenkxaso ingabonakalisa ukuqala kwendlela entsha; traders inokukhangela iindawo zokungena.
- Izithuba zokubaleka: I-gap ebonakala kwixabiso elikhulayo lingabonisa ukuqhubeka okunamandla; edla ngokusetyenziswa ukongeza okanye ukubamba izikhundla.
- Izikhewu zokudinwa: Xa i-gap ibonakala ngexabiso eliphantsi kwi-uptrend, iphakamisa ukuphela kwendlela; traders inokulungiselela ukubuyisela umva okanye ithathe ingeniso.
4.2 Umxholo nguNdoqo
- Umxholo weMarike: Hlala uhlalutya izithuba kumxholo wemeko yemarike jikelele kunye neendaba.
- Iimpawu ezixhasayo: Sebenzisa ezinye izalathi zobugcisa zokuqinisekisa (umzekelo, imigca yentsingiselo, i-avareji ehambayo).
4.3 Ukuzaliswa kwesikhewu
- ukuzaliswa kweSikhewu: Into eqhelekileyo apho ixabiso libuyela kwinqanaba langaphambili le-gap.
- Ukubaluleka: Isikhewu esivalekileyo sinokubonisa ukuba imarike iyifunxe impembelelo yomsantsa.
4.4 IiNdlela zokuRhweba eziSekwe kwiZikhewu
- Izikhewu zokuqhawula: Inokuba luphawu lokungena kwindlela entsha.
- Izithuba zokubaleka: Ithuba lokongeza kwindawo yokuwina.
- Izikhewu zokudinwa: Ingagunyazisa ukuthatha ingeniso okanye ukulungiselela ukuguqulwa kwendlela.
4.5 Iingqwalasela zoMngcipheko
- Iimpawu zobuxoki: Ayizizo zonke izikhewu eziya kulandela ipatheni elindelekileyo.
- Ukunyaniseka: Izikhewu zinokunyuka okungazinzi kweemalike, ifuna inyameko ingozi lawulo.
| Uhlobo lweGap | Ukutolika | Strategy Trading | Ukuqwalaselwa koMngcipheko |
|---|---|---|---|
| Common | Phakathi; rhoqo ukuzaliswa | Ngokuqhelekileyo ayihoywa | low |
| Phuka ecaleni | Ukuqala kwendlela entsha | Indawo yokungena kwindlela entsha | Phakathi; isiqinisekiso esifunekayo |
| Baleka | Ukuqhubekeka kwendlela | Yongeza okanye ubambe indawo | Phakathi; esweni amandla trend |
| Ukudinwa | Ukuphela kwendlela | Thatha inzuzo okanye ulungiselele ukuguqulwa | Phezulu; inokwenzeka yokuguqulwa ngokukhawuleza |
5. Ukudibanisa iSalathi seZithuba kunye nezinye iZalathi
5.1 Ukuphucula uHlahlelo lweSikhewu ngeZalathi zobuGcisa
Ukwandisa ukuthembeka kweempawu zokurhweba ezivela kwizithuba, traders rhoqo ukudibanisa uhlalutyo umsantsa kunye nezinye izalathisi zobugcisa. Le ndlela inamacala amaninzi inokubonelela ngembono ebanzi yeemeko zemarike kunye neentshukumo ezinokubakho.
Umqulu we-5.2
- Indima: Iqinisekisa amandla kunye nokubaluleka komsantsa.
- isicelo: Umsantsa obalulekileyo ohamba nomthamo ophezulu ubonisa uphawu olunamandla.
- Umxube: Sebenzisa idatha yevolumu ukwahlula phakathi kwekhefu kunye nezithuba eziqhelekileyo.
5.3 I-Avareji ehambayo
- Indima: Ibonisa indlela yomzila kunye nenkxaso enokubakho / amanqanaba okuchasa.
- isicelo: Isikhewu kude ku umlinganiselo ohambayo ingabonisa ukuqaliswa kwentsingiselo eyomeleleyo.
- Umxube: Thelekisa indawo ye-gap xa kuthelekiswa nemindilili ehambayo (umzekelo, iintsuku ezingama-50, iintsuku ezingama-200) ukuze kuqinisekiswe intsingiselo.
5.4 Izalathi zeMomentum (RSI, MACD)
- Indima: Bala ukomelela kunye nozinzo lwentsingiselo.
- isicelo: Qinisekisa umfutho olandela umsantsa.
- Umxube: Jonga iyantlukwano okanye ukudibana kunye nesalathiso somsantsa onokuthi ujike okanye uqhubeke.
5.5 Iipateni zeCandlestick
- Indima: Ukubonelela ngemeko eyongezelelweyo kwisenzo sexabiso emva kwe-gap.
- isicelo: Chonga iipateni ezibuyela umva okanye eziqhubekayo emva komsantsa okongeziweyo trade isiqinisekiso.
- Umxube: Sebenzisa iipateni zekhandlela ngokukhawuleza emva komsantsa ukulinganisa imvakalelo yemarike.
5.6 Iipateni zeetshathi
- Indima: Bonisa iintshukumo zemarike ezinokubakho kunye namanqanaba angundoqo.
- isicelo: Chonga iifom ezifana neeflegi, oonxantathu, okanye intloko namagxa ajikeleze izithuba.
- Umxube: Sebenzisa ezi patheni ukuqikelela ukuvalwa kwezithuba ezinokuthi zibe kho okanye ukuqhubekeka kwendlela.
| Isalathisi | Indima kuHlahlelo lweSikhewu | Indlela yokudibanisa |
|---|---|---|
| umqulu | Uqinisekiso lwamandla | Qinisekisa ukubaluleka kwe-gap nge-volume spikes |
| Moving ezomhlaba | Isikhokelo somzila kunye nenkxaso / ukuxhathisa | Thelekisa indawo yesikhewu xa kuthelekiswa neeavareji eziphambili ezihambayo |
| Iimpawu zeM Momentum (RSI, MACD) | Amandla omzila kunye nozinzo | Sebenzisa ukuqinisekisa okanye ukuthandabuza iziphumo zesikhewu |
| nesiphatho Iipatheni | Uluvo lwemarike emva komsantsa | Chonga iipateni ze-bullish okanye ze-bearish emva komsantsa |
| Iipateni zetshathi | Iintshukumo zemarike eziqikelelwayo | Sebenzisa ukulindela ukuvalwa kwezithuba okanye ukuqhubeka kweendlela |
6. IziCwangciso zoLawulo loMngcipheko ezinxulumene neZikhewu
6.1 Ukuqaphela imingcipheko
Izikhewu, ngelixa zibonelela ngamathuba okurhweba anokubakho, nazo zivelisa imingcipheko, ngakumbi ngenxa yokunyuka kokuguquguquka kunye nokubakho kweentshukumo ezikhawulezayo zamaxabiso. Ulawulo lomngcipheko olusebenzayo qhinga zibalulekile ukujongana nale mingcipheko.
6.2 Ukuseta ilahleko yokuZimisa
- Ukubaluleka: Ukunciphisa ilahleko enokubakho kwiintshukumo zemarike ezingalindelekanga emva komsantsa.
- Icebo: Cwangcisa yeka ilahleko kumanqanaba abangela ukuba uhlalutyo lwe-gap lungasebenzi (umzekelo, ngaphantsi komsantsa oqhawulayo wesithuba eside).
6.3 Ubungakanani beNdawo
- Indima: Ukulawula ubungakanani bomngcipheko othatyathwe kwindawo nganye trade.
- isicelo: Lungisa ubungakanani bendawo ngokusekelwe kubungakanani besithuba kunye nokuguquguquka okuhambelanayo. Izikhewu ezinkulu zinokufuna izikhundla ezincinci ngenxa yomngcipheko ophezulu.
6.4 Isikhewu Sivala njengamaThuba
- Ukuqwalaselwa: Izikhewu ezininzi ekugqibeleni ziyavaleka.
- Icebo: Qwalasela izicwangciso-qhinga ezisebenza ngokuzaliswa kwezithuba, ezinjengokungena a trade ngolindelo lokuba umsantsa uya kuvaleka.
6.5 Iintlobo ngeentlobo
- Injongo: Ukusasaza umngcipheko kwii-asethi ezahlukeneyo kunye nezicwangciso.
- isicelo: Musa ukuthembela kuphela kurhwebo lwe-gap; idibanise njengenxalenye yendlela yorhwebo eyohlukeneyo.
6.6 Ukubeka iliso kunye nokuziqhelanisa
- Kufuneka: Iimarike ziyaguquka, kwaye ukutolika kwe-gap kunokutshintsha.
- Indlela: Hlala ubeka iliso kwizikhundla ezivulekileyo kwaye ulungele ukulungelelanisa izicwangciso ekuphenduleni ulwazi olutsha lwemarike.
| Strategy | inkcazelo | isicelo |
|---|---|---|
| Ukubeka i-Stop Stop Losses | Imida yelahleko kwi a trade | Beka iilahleko zokuyeka kumanqanaba angasebenziyo uhlalutyo lwesithuba |
| Indawo yokubeka indawo | Ilawula ukuvezwa komngcipheko | Lungisa ubungakanani ngokusekwe kubungakanani besithuba kunye nokuguquguquka |
| Isikhewu Sigcwalisa njengamathuba | Izithuba ezininzi ziyavaleka ekugqibeleni | Trade ngolindelo lokuvalwa kwesithuba |
| ukohlulwa | Ukusasaza umngcipheko kuzo zonke ii-asethi kunye nezicwangciso | Bandakanya umsantsa worhwebo njengenxalenye yesicwangciso esibanzi |
| Ukubeka iliso kunye nokuziqhelanisa | Iimarike ziyatshintsha; amacebo kufuneka ngokunjalo | Vavanya ngokuqhubekayo kwaye uhlengahlengise iindawo ezivulekileyo |
