Indlela yokusebenzisa iZalathi zoMqulu ngempumelelo

1. Ukuqonda iZalathi zoMqulu

Iimpawu zomthamo zizixhobo ezibalulekileyo kwi-arsenal yempumelelo trader okanye umtyali-mali. Babonelela ngefestile ekusebenzeni kwangaphakathi kweemarike, banikezela ngemibono engabonakali ngokukhawuleza kwixabiso lodwa. Ukuqonda okunzulu kwezalathi zevolumu kunokutyhila amandla afihliweyo okanye ubuthathaka kwimarike, kwaye kunokubakho umqondiso weentshukumo zexabiso ezizayo ngaphambi kokuba zenzeke.

Esona salathisi sevolumu sisetyenziswa kakhulu yi 'Ibha yeVolume'. Le yihistogram elula ebonisa inani lezabelo traded ngexesha ngalinye. Ngokuthelekisa imivalo yevolumu ekuhambeni kwexesha, unokufumana ukuqonda kwiimarike ngesantya. Umzekelo, ukuba ivolumu iyenyuka ngeentsuku kwaye iyancipha ngeentsuku ezisezantsi, inokucebisa ukuba abathengi balawula.

Esinye isalathisi sevolumu esidumileyo yi 'I-On-Balance Volume (OBV)'. Ngokwe-Investopedia nganye, i-OBV yi-cumulative total of volume, edityanisiweyo okanye ethatyathwe ngokuxhomekeke ekubeni ixabiso losuku livaliwe okanye liphantsi. Yaphuhliswa nguJoe Granville kwi-1963, kwaye injongo yayo kukusebenzisa ukuhamba kwevolumu ukuqikelela utshintsho kwixabiso lesitoko.

Isalathisi sesithathu somthamo oqhelekileyo yi 'I-Chaikin Money Flow (CMF)'. Ebizwa ngokuba ngumdali wayo, uMarc Chaikin, iCMF yenzelwe ukulinganisa ukuthenga nokuthengisa uxinzelelo kwixesha elimiselweyo. I-CMF iguquguquka phakathi kwe -1 kunye ne +1. Amaxabiso amahle abonisa uxinzelelo lokuthenga, ngelixa amaxabiso angalunganga abonisa uxinzelelo lokuthengisa.

'Klinger Umthamo weOscillator (KVO)' sesinye isalathisi sevolumu esinamandla. Yaphuhliswa nguStephen Klinger kwaye ijolise ekuqikeleleni iintsingiselo zexesha elide zokuqukuqela kwemali ngeli lixa unovelwano kukuguquguquka kwexesha elifutshane.

Ngasinye kwezi zalathisi zevolumu zinamandla kunye nama-nuances, kodwa into ababelana ngayo bonke kukukwazi ukubonelela ngembono eyodwa kwiintshukumo zemarike. Ngokudibanisa izikhombisi zevolumu kunye nezinye uhlalutyo yobugcisa izixhobo, traders kunye nabatyali-mali bangenza izigqibo ezinolwazi ngakumbi, ukwandisa amathuba abo okuphumelela kwimarike. Khumbula, umthamo udla ngokuba sisalathisi sokuqala sokubonisa utshintsho olunokuthi lubekho kwindlela, okwenza ukuba ibe sisixhobo esixabisekileyo kwisixhobo sakho sokurhweba.

1.1. Ingcamango yeZalathi zoMqulu

Xa uphonononga kwihlabathi lezemali, ukuqonda ingqikelelo ye Iimpawu Zomqulu ibalulekile. Ezi ziifomyula zemathematika ezisetyenziswa kuhlalutyo lobugcisa lwezibambiso. Bayabonelela traders kunye nabatyali-mali ngovavanyo lobungakanani bomsebenzi worhwebo, onokunika ukuqonda kumandla emarike, impilo yesiqhelo, kunye neentshukumo zamaxabiso.

Ithiyori esisiseko yeyokuba utshintsho olubalulekileyo kumthamo luhlala lwandulela utshintsho olukhulu lwamaxabiso. Iimpawu zomthamo zingadlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuqinisekiseni iintsingiselo kunye nokuguqulwa kwendlela. Ngokomzekelo, ukuba ixabiso lesitokhwe liyenyuka kwaye umthamo uyanda, traders inokuchaza ukuba intsingiselo ephezulu yomelele kwaye ilindeleke ukuba iqhubeke. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuba ixabiso liyanda kodwa umthamo uyancipha, unokubonisa ukuguqulwa kwendlela enokwenzeka.

Izalathi zevolumu zihlala zisetyenziswa ngokubambisana nohlalutyo lwexabiso ukuqinisekisa amandla okanye ubuthathaka bomkhwa. Zinokuba luncedo ngakumbi ekuchongeni ukuqhambuka. Ngokutsho kophando lukaBulkowski, ukugqabhuka kuhlala kukhokelela kwinzuzo trades xa kukho ukunyuka kwevolumu.

Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zezalathi zevolumu, kuquka KwiBhalansi yevolumu (OBV), uMqulu Inani loTshintsho (VROC), kunye neNgcombolo/yoMda woSasazo. Uhlobo ngalunye lunendlela eyodwa yokubala kunye nokutolika, kodwa zonke zifuna ukubonisa ukuhamba kwevolumu ngolunye uhlobo.

Ukuqonda kunye nokusetyenziswa ngempumelelo kwezalathisi zevolumu kunokuphucula kakhulu isicwangciso sakho sokurhweba, ukunika ukuqonda okunzulu kweendlela zentengiso. Kufana nokuba nenkqubo yerada etyhila into engaphantsi komphezulu wentshukumo yexabiso. Ke, izikhombisi zevolumu sisixhobo esiyimfuneko kwi-arsenal yempumelelo traders kunye nabatyali-mali.

1.2. Indlela Izalathisi Zomthamo Ezisebenza Ngayo

Iimpawu zomthamo zisisixhobo esibalulekileyo kwizandla zesavvy trader okanye umtyali-mali, enikezela ngefestile eyodwa kubunzulu bomsebenzi worhwebo. Ezi zixhobo zokuhlalutya zisekelwe kwiimali zentengiselwano, kwaye zinceda ukugqiba amandla okuhamba kwexabiso. Izalathi zevolumu sebenza ngokuhlola inani lezabelo okanye iikhontrakthi ezitshintsha izandla kwixesha elithile.

The IVolumu ekwi-Balance (OBV), umzekelo, yongeza ivolyum ngeentsuku 'phezulu' kwaye isuse ivolyum ngeentsuku 'eziphantsi'. Ijolise ekuboniseni xa i-asethi eyimali iqokelelwa okanye isasazwa, isebenza njengesandulela esinokubakho sokutshintsha kwamaxabiso okuzayo. Esinye isalathisi sevolumu esidumileyo yi Umthamo wexabiso eliphakathi (VWAP), enika ixabiso eliqhelekileyo ukhuseleko olunalo traded kuyo yonke imini, ngokusekelwe kuzo zombini umthamo kunye nexabiso. Isetyenziswa ngokuyintloko ngabahlalutyi bezobugcisa ukuchonga ulwalathiso lwemarike.

Umthamo ophezulu, ngokukodwa kufuphi namanqanaba emarike abalulekileyo, unokuba ngumqondiso wokuqala kwendlela entsha, ngelixa umthamo ophantsi ungabonisa ukungaqiniseki okanye ukungabikho komdla. Xa kudityaniswa nohlalutyo lwamaxabiso, izalathisi zevolumu no kunceda trader benza izigqibo ezinolwazi ngakumbi. Banokutyhila okwenzekayo emva kwemiboniso kwaye banike imikhondo exabisekileyo malunga nolwalathiso olunokubakho lwexabiso elizayo.

Khumbula, nangona kunjalo, ukuba izikhombisi zevolumu sisiqwengana esinye sepuzzle. Zifanele zisetyenziswe ngokubambisana nezinye izixhobo kunye nezalathi zolona hlalutyo lusebenzayo lwemarike. (Investopedia, 2020)

Nakuba izalathisi zevolumu zinokunika ukuqonda okuxabisekileyo, azinakusilela. Njengazo zonke izikhombisi zobugcisa, kufuneka zisetyenziswe ngokubambisana ne-comprehensive cwangciso so shishino ezigubungela iindawo ezifana ingozi ukunyamezelana kunye neenjongo zotyalo-mali. Ukusebenzisa izikhombisi zomthamo njengenxalenye yesicwangciso sokurhweba esilungeleleneyo kunokubonelela ngokuqonda okunzulu kokutshintsha kweemarike kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kwakho kokurhweba.

2. Iintlobo zeZalathi zoMqulu

Ukuqonda iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze izalathisi zevolumu inokunyusa kakhulu eyakho izicwangciso zorhwebo kunye neenkqubo zokwenza izigqibo. Iindidi eziphambili zimbini IVolumu ekwi-Balance (OBV) kwaye Ukuhamba kwemali kwemali ye-Chaikin (CMF).

IVolumu ekwi-Balance (OBV), ephuhliswe nguJoe Granville, sisalathisi esilula kodwa sinamandla. Ibonelela ngevolumu iyonke eyongezelekayo ngokongeza umthamo wosuku kwitotali ebalekayo xa ixabiso lokhuseleko livala, kwaye liyayithabatha ukuba ixabiso lokhuseleko livaleka. Oku kuyanceda tradeimisela umdla woluntu kukhuseleko oluthile. Ngoku ka Investopedia, xa i-OBV inyuka ngokumalunga nexabiso lokhuseleko, libonisa uxinzelelo lwevolumu olufanelekileyo olungakhokelela kumaxabiso aphezulu.

Kwelinye icala, I-Chaikin Money Flow (CMF), iphuhliswe nguMarc Chaikin, i-avareji enobunzima bomthamo we ukuqokelela nokusasazwa ngexesha elithile. Ingqwalasela ephambili yesalathisi se-CMF kukuvavanya amandla omzila okanye ukulindela ukuguqulwa ngokujonga ukuhamba kwevolumu. Ukufundwa okuhle kweCMF kubonisa uxinzelelo lokuthenga ngelixa i-CMF engalunganga ibonisa uxinzelelo lokuthengisa. Njengoko ukuthembeka icebisa, isiginali ye-bullish inikwa xa i-CMF ilungile kwaye ixabiso eliguquguqukayo lijonge phezulu, ngelixa isiginali ye-bearish inikwa xa i-CMF ingalunganga kwaye ixabiso eliguquguqukayo lijonge ezantsi.

Ngokudibanisa ezi zikhombisi zimbini zevolumu, traders banokufumana umbono obanzi wotshintsho lwemarike kunye neendlela ezinokubakho, ngaloo ndlela bephucula amandla abo okwenza izigqibo zorhwebo ezinolwazi.

2.1. Kwi-Balance Volume (OBV)

Kwi-Balance Volume (OBV) sisixhobo esinamandla ezandleni zomtyali-mali onolwazi. Iyilwe nguJoe Granville ekuqaleni kweminyaka yoo-1960, esi salathisi sisekwe kumthamo owodwa silinganisa ukuhamba nokunyuka kwenkunzi yokungena nokuphuma kukhuseleko oluthile, nto leyo ebonisa inqanaba lokubanjwa traders. I-OBV isebenza ngomgaqo olula: yongeza umthamo wexesha kwi-OBV ukuba ixabiso lokuvala laliphezulu kunokuvalwa kwangaphambili, kwaye ikhupha ivolumu ukuba ukuvala kuphantsi.

Esi sixhobo sinamandla sinokunika ulwazi oluxabisekileyo kwiindlela zemarike. Ukunyuka kwe-OBV kubonisa ukuba umthamo uyanda ekunyukeni kwamaxabiso, nto leyo enokubonisa ukongamela komthengi. Ngokuchaseneyo, ukuhla kwe-OBV kubonisa ukuba umthamo uyanda kwiintshukumo zexabiso ezihlayo, nto leyo ebonisa ukongamela komthengisi. Olu lwazi lunokunceda trader balindele ukuguqulwa kwemarike okunokubakho kwaye bachonge amathuba okurhweba anengeniso.

Oko kwathiwa, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba I-OBV ayisosixhobo esizimeleyo. Ukufumana iziphumo ezilungileyo, kufuneka zisetyenziswe ngokubambisana nezinye izixhobo zokuhlalutya lobugcisa kunye nezalathi. Ngaphezu koko, ngelixa isisixhobo esiluncedo, njengazo zonke izikhombisi, ayisiyonyani kwaye kufuneka isetyenziswe ngobulumko.

Enye yamandla aphambili e-OBV ilele kubuchule bayo bokuvelisa imiqondiso yokwahlukana. Xa i-OBV isenza uthotho lweencopho ezinyukayo kunye nemikhombe ngelixa ixabiso lisenza iincochoyi ezihlayo kunye nemikhombe, oku kwaziwa njengokwahlukana okulungileyo. Ingabonisa amandla okubuyisela ukuguqulwa kwe-bullish. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukwahlukana okungalunganga-xa i-OBV isenza iincopho ezihlayo kunye nemikhombe ngelixa ixabiso lenza iincopho ezinyukayo kunye nemikhombe-inokuphakamisa ukuguqulwa kwe-bearish.

Ngaphandle kokubonakala kwayo ngokulula, i-OBV sisixhobo esiguquguqukayo nesinamandla esinokuphucula kakhulu isixhobo sakho sohlalutyo lobuchwephesha. Ukukwazi kwayo ukuveza iintsingiselo zemarike ezifihliweyo kunye nokufanekisela ukuguqulwa kwamaxabiso okunokubakho kunokuba luncedo kwihlabathi elihamba ngokukhawuleza lokurhweba. Nangona kunjalo, hlala ukhumbula ukuyisebenzisa njengenxalenye yesicwangciso esibanzi, kunokuba ube wedwa, ngezona ziphumo zichanekileyo nezisebenzayo.

2.2. Volume Weighted Average Price (VWAP)

The Volume Weighted Average Price (VWAP) sisixhobo esibalulekileyo traders kunye nabatyali-mali, ukubonelela ngomfanekiso obanzi womsebenzi worhwebo wosuku. Esi sibonakaliso sevolumu sikunika ixabiso eliqhelekileyo lokhuseleko ngexesha elibekiweyo, ukulinganisa ixabiso kunye nomthamo. Ibalwa ngokuphinda-phinda umthamo worhwebo kwindawo nganye yexabiso ngexabiso ngokwalo, emva koko kwahlulwe isixa ngevolumu iyonke. Isiphumo yinani ledola enye emele ixabiso eliphakathi apho trades zaqhutywa ngelo xesha.

Esi salathisi somthamo siluncedo ngokukodwa kwabo babandakanyeka kurhwebo lwe-algorithmic okanye ukwenza ii-odolo ezinkulu. I VWAP inokusebenza njengophawu, ukunceda traders ukuhlola ukusebenza kwemarike kwixesha elithile. Ukuba ixabiso langoku lingaphezulu kweVWAP, libonisa ukuba ukhuseleko lurhweba ngexabiso eliphezulu kunomndilili, kwaye ngokufanayo. Olu lwazi lunokuba luncedo kakhulu xa usenza isigqibo ngendawo yokungena nokuphuma kuyo trades.

Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba VWAP sisalathiso esisemva, oku kuthetha ukuba ibala imiyinge esekwe kwidatha yangaphambili kwaye ayinakuqikelela ngokuchanekileyo iintshukumo zexabiso elizayo. Isetyenziswa kakuhle kunye nezinye izixhobo zohlalutyo lobuchwephesha kwimbono engqukuva ngakumbi yeentshukumo zemarike.

Abatyali-zimali bamaziko bahlala besebenzisa VWAP ukwenza zabo trades ngokusondeleyo kumyinge wexabiso kangangoko kunokwenzeka, ukuze kuncitshiswe impembelelo yemarike kunye nokutyibilika. Isetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kwizicwangciso zomhlalaphantsi kunye neengxowa-mali ezifanayo ngenxa yezizathu ezifanayo. Ngaphaya koko, i-VWAP inokuba sisixhobo esihle kakhulu sokuthengisa traders, ukubonelela ngengqiqo kwixabiso lokulingana kwimarike, enokuba yindawo exabisekileyo yereferensi yezicwangciso zokuthengisa zomntu.

Khumbula, njengaso nasiphi na esinye isixhobo sokurhweba, i VWAP ayisiyobudenge kwaye kufuneka isetyenziswe ngobulumko. Sisixhobo esinika ulwazi kunye nokuqonda, kodwa ekugqibeleni, ukurhweba okuyimpumelelo kuxhomekeke kwisicwangciso esipheleleyo esiqwalasela izinto ezahlukeneyo kunye nezalathi. Njenge, traders kunye nabatyali-mali kufuneka basoloko beqhuba uphando olubanzi kwaye babonisane nomcebisi wezezimali oyingcali ngaphambi kokuba benze naziphi na izigqibo zorhwebo.

Imithombo:

Iziko leCFA. (2020). Volume Weighted Average Price (VWAP). Ifunyenwe kwi-https://www.cfainstitute.org/

Investopedia. (2020). Volume Weighted Average Price (VWAP). Ifunyenwe kwi-https://www.investopedia.com/

2.3. Isalathiso sokuHamba kweMali (MFI)

The Isalathiso sokuhamba kwemali (MFI) ludibaniso olulodwa lomthamo kunye nohlalutyo lwexabiso olunikezelayo traders kunye nabatyali-mali imbono ebanzi yomsebenzi wemarike. Le oscillator ihamba phakathi kwe-0 kunye ne-100, inika ulwazi malunga neemeko ezinokuthi zithengiswe kakhulu kunye neemeko ezithengiswayo kwimarike. Ukuhlalutya i-MFI kunokunceda ekuchongeni ukuguqulwa kwamaxabiso okunokwenzeka kunye nokuqinisekisa amandla omgangatho.

I-MFI ibalwa ngokuqokelela amaxabiso alungileyo kunye angalunganga okuhamba kwemali (ngokusekelwe kwixabiso eliqhelekileyo kunye nomthamo wexesha), emva koko udale umlinganiselo wemali. Isiphumo ke sifakwe kwi-equation enika i-MFI. I-MFI ithathela ingqalelo zombini ixabiso kunye nedatha yevolumu, ngokungafaniyo nezinye ii-oscillators ejolise kuphela kwixabiso. Oku kwenza i-MFI ibe yisalathisi esomeleleyo esinokunika umbono obanzi we-dynamics yemarike.

Ixabiso eliphezulu le-MFI (ngaphezu kwe-80) ngokuqhelekileyo libonisa imeko ethengisiweyo apho ixabiso linokuthi lihlehlise phantsi, ngelixa ixabiso eliphantsi (ngaphantsi kwe-20) libonisa imeko ethengisiweyo apho ixabiso linokuthi libuyele phezulu. Nangona kunjalo, njengazo zonke izibonakaliso, i-MFI ayiphutha kwaye kufuneka isetyenziswe ngokubambisana nezinye izixhobo kunye neendlela zokuhlalutya.

Kukwabalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba, ngelixa i-MFI inokuba sisixhobo esiluncedo ekuchongweni kwendlela kunye noqikelelo olubuyisela umva, ngamanye amaxesha inokunika imiqondiso yobuxoki kwiimarike eziguquguqukayo. Ke ngoko, ukuqonda ngokucokisekileyo imeko yemarike kubalulekile xa usebenzisa i-MFI ukwenza izigqibo zokurhweba.

Ukuchithwa yenye inkalo ebalulekileyo ekufuneka iqwalaselwe ngelixa kuhlalutywa i-MFI. Ukuba ixabiso lenza into entsha ephezulu okanye ephantsi engaboniswanga kwi-MFI, inokubonisa ukuguqulwa kwexabiso okunokwenzeka. Ngokomzekelo, ukuba ixabiso libetha phezulu kodwa i-MFI iyasilela ukufikelela kwindawo entsha, inokuba yi-bearish divergence ebonisa uxinzelelo olunokuthi luthengise. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuba ixabiso libetha ezantsi esitsha kodwa i-MFI ayifikeleli ezantsi esitsha, inokuba yintlukwano ye-bullish ebonisa uxinzelelo olunokubakho lokuthenga.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo, Isalathiso sokuhamba kwemali sisixhobo esisebenza ngeendlela ezininzi esinokongeza ixabiso elibalulekileyo a trader's arsenal, enika ulwazi malunga nokunyuka kwexabiso, amandla entsingiselo, kunye nokuguqulwa okunokwenzeka. Nangona kunjalo, njengaso nasiphi na isixhobo sokurhweba, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa i-MFI ngobuchule, ngokuhambelana nezinye izikhombisi, kwaye uqwalasele iimeko zentengiso zizonke.

3. Ukusebenzisa iZalathi zeVolume kwiMpumelelo yoRhwebo

Izalathi zevolumu zizixhobo ezibalulekileyo ku trader's arsenal, ebonelela ngokuqonda kwinqanaba lomsebenzi kwimarike. Ezi zalathi zinokunika imbono ekhethekileyo kwiimarike zemarike, kwaye xa zisetyenziswe ngokufanelekileyo, zinokuphucula kakhulu izigqibo zokurhweba.

Enye isalathisi sevolumu ethandwayo yi Kwi-Balance Volume (OBV). Esi salathisi songeza umthamo ngeentsuku xa ixabiso ligqiba phezulu kwaye lisusa umthamo ngeentsuku xa ixabiso ligqiba ngaphantsi ukubonelela ngetotali eyongezelelweyo. Oku kunokunceda traders ukuchonga iintsingiselo kunye nokuguqulwa, kunye nokuqinisekisa iintshukumo zamaxabiso. Umzekelo, ukuba i-OBV iyenyuka kodwa ixabiso alikho, kunokucebisa ukuba ukunyuka kwexabiso kusondele.^[1].

Esinye isalathisi esinamandla sevolumu yi Umthamo wexabiso loTshintsho (VROC). Esi sixhobo silinganisa izinga lokutshintsha kwevolumu kwixesha elithile. Inokunceda traders ukubona iimpawu zokuqala zokuguqulwa kweemarike, njengoko ukwanda ngokukhawuleza kwe-VROC kunokubonisa ukunyuka kokuthenga okanye ukuthengisa uxinzelelo.^[2].

The Isalathiso sokuHamba kweMali (MFI) luguqulelo olunomthamo womthamo we Relative Index Ukomelela (RSI). Ithathela ingqalelo zombini ixabiso kunye nomthamo ukulinganisa ukuthenga nokuthengisa uxinzelelo. Ixabiso eliphezulu le-MFI (ngaphezulu kwe-80) libonisa iimeko ezithengisiweyo, ngelixa ixabiso eliphantsi (ngaphantsi kwe-20) libonisa iimeko ezithengiswayo. Oku kunokunceda traders ukuthatha intengisovantage yeentshukumo zamaxabiso agqithisileyo kunye nokuguqulwa okunokwenzeka^[3].

Ngokwenyani, izikhombisi zevolumu zizixhobo ezinamandla ezinokuphucula a tradeUkukwazi kwe-r ukuqonda uvakalelo lwemarike kunye nokwenza izigqibo zokurhweba ezinolwazi ngakumbi. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba kufuneka zisetyenziswe ngokudibeneyo nezinye izikhombisi kunye neendlela zokuhlalutya ukwandisa ukusebenza kwazo.

^[1] "Uhlalutyo lobuGcisa: Kwi-Balance Volume (OBV)", Investopedia.
^[2] "I-Volume Rate of Change (VROC) Isalathisi", TradingView.
^[3] "I-Index Flow Flow Index (MFI)", iStockCharts.

3.1. Ubuchule bokusetyenziswa kwesalathisi soMqulu

Ixabiso lezibonakaliso zomthamo kwinqanaba lokurhweba alinakuphikiswa. Ezi zixhobo zinamandla zinika ingqiqo kwi utywala yesitokhwe, ukuvumela traders ukwenza izigqibo ezinolwazi malunga notyalo-mali lwabo. Kodwa unokwandisa njani ukusebenza kwezi zalathisi? Nazi iindlela ezintathu zokuqwalasela.

1. Ukuqinisekisa iintsingiselo: Umthamo unokunceda ukuqinisekisa ukunyaniseka kweendlela zexabiso. Ukuba ixabiso lesitokhwe liyenyuka kwaye ivolumu nayo iyanda, kuyacaca ukuba ukunyuka okunyukayo kuxhaswe ngumsebenzi omkhulu wokuthenga. Ngokwahlukileyo, ukuba isitokhwe sihamba sihla ngokunyuka kwevolumu, ukuthengisa uxinzelelo kuqhuba ixabiso eliphantsi. Olu nxulumano phakathi kwexabiso kunye nomthamo luphawu olucacileyo loluvo lwemarike ngokubhekiselele kwisitokhwe esithile.

2. Ukubona uGunyaziso: Izalathi zevolyum nazo zinokusetyenziselwa ukubona ujiko olunokwenzeka. Ukunyuka ngokukhawuleza kwevolumu kunokubonisa ukuguqulwa kwexabiso okunokwenzeka. Ngokomzekelo, ukuba ixabiso lesitokhwe lihamba lihla kwaye kukho ukunyuka ngokukhawuleza kwevolumu, kunokuthetha ukuba abathengi bayangena, bebonisa ukuguqulwa kwendlela enokuthi ibuyele ngayo.

3. Ukuchonga ukuqhambuka: Ukuqhekeka kwenzeka xa ixabiso lesitokisi lihamba ngaphezu kwinqanaba elithile lokuchasana okanye ngaphantsi kwinqanaba lenkxaso. Iimpawu zevolumu zinokubonelela ngeempawu zokulumkisa kwangaphambili koku kuqhambuka. Ukuba umthamo wesitokhwe uphezulu kakhulu, unokucebisa ukuba ukuqhambuka kusondele.

Khumbula, ngelixa ezi zicwangciso zinokuphucula umsebenzi wakho wokurhweba, azikho isidenge. Kubalulekile ukudibanisa izikhombisi zevolumu kunye nezinye izixhobo zokuhlalutya lobugcisa ukwenza izigqibo ezibanzi zokurhweba. Umthamo womthamo akufuneki usetyenziswe wedwa kodwa kufuneka usoloko usetyenziswa kunye nezinye izalathisi kunye nobuchule.

3.2. Imigibe Emele Uyiphephe Xa Usebenzisa Izalathisi Zomthamo

Ihlabathi lokurhweba linokuba ngumhlaba okhohlisayo, ogcwele iimpawu zobuxoki kunye nezalathisi ezilahlekisayo. Enye indawo enjalo apho traders badla ngokukhubeka kusetyenziso lwe izalathisi zevolumu. Iimpawu zomthamo zisisixhobo esibalulekileyo a trader's arsenal, ibonelela ngezimvo kwintengiso kunye nokuguqulwa kwamaxabiso okunokwenzeka. Noko ke, ukuthembela kubo ngaphandle kokuqonda ukusikelwa kwabo umda kunokukhokelela kwiimpazamo ezinkulu.

Okokuqala, i-pitfall eqhelekileyo Ukucinga ukuba izikhombisi zevolumu azinabubhanxa. Akukho salathisi sigqibeleleyo, kwaye izikhombisi zevolumu azikho ngaphandle. TradeI-rs ihlala itolika ngendlela engeyiyo i-spikes kumthamo njengophawu oluqinisekileyo lokuguqulwa kwexabiso okuzayo. Nangona kunjalo, umthamo wokurhweba ophezulu unokubonisa ukuqhubeka kwendlela yangoku. Enyanisweni, ngokutsho kophononongo olwenziwa yiJournal of Finance, umthamo ophezulu wokurhweba udla ngokunxulunyaniswa nokuqhubeka kwendlela yangoku kunokubuyisela umva.

Enye impazamo eqhelekileyo ukusilela ukuqwalasela imeko yemarike ebanzi. Izikhombisi zevolumu akufuneki zisetyenziswe zodwa. Zisebenza kakhulu xa zisetyenziswe ngokubambisana nezinye izixhobo zokuhlalutya lobugcisa. Ngokomzekelo, ukunyuka ngokukhawuleza kwevolumu edibeneyo kunye nokuqhawuka kwipatheni yokudibanisa ingaba ngumqondiso othembekileyo wokuthenga.

Gqi beleni, traders badla ngokuwela kumgibe we ukuthembela ngokugqithisileyo kwizalathi zevolumu. Nangona ezi zixhobo zinokubonelela ngengqiqo ebalulekileyo, akufanele zibe sisiseko sodwa sezigqibo zokurhweba. Isicwangciso sokurhweba esipheleleyo kufuneka sibandakanye umxube we uhlalutyo oluphambili, uhlalutyo lobugcisa, kunye neendlela zokulawula umngcipheko.

Khumbula, izikhombisi zevolumu azikho ibhola yekristale. Banokubonelela ngemibono kwintengiso yentengiso kunye neentshukumo zamaxabiso ezinokubakho, kodwa azinampazamo. Traders abayiqondayo kwaye bajonge le migibe kunokwenzeka ukuba baphumelele kwihlabathi eliguquguqukayo lorhwebo.

3.3. Izifundo eziPhumeleleyo zokuSetyenziswa kweSalathi soMqulu

Umzekelo obalaseleyo wokusetyenziswa kwesalathisi esiyimpumelelo ubonwa kwimeko UPaul Tudor Jones, imveliso eyaziwayo trader. NgoMvulo oMnyama odumileyo we-1987, uJones wasebenzisa izikhombisi zevolumu kunye nesenzo sexabiso ukulindela ukuwa kweemarike. Wakwazi ukunqumla imarike yemasheya, nto leyo eyakhokelela ekubuyiselweni kweedijithi ezintathu kwingxowa-mali yakhe ngaloo nyaka¹.

Kwelinye icala, URichard Wyckoff, uvulindlela kwinkalo yohlalutyo lobugcisa, uphuhlise i-Wyckoff Method. Le ndlela ixhomekeke kakhulu kwiimpawu zevolumu kwimigaqo yayo. Indlela kaWyckoff ibandakanya ukufunda ubudlelwane phakathi kweentsingiselo zamaxabiso kunye nomthamo, kunye nokumisela ukuqhawuka kwamaxabiso okunokwenzeka. Iindlela zakhe zisasetyenziswa ngokubanzi namhlanje yaye ziye zaba luncedo kwimpumelelo yabaninzi traders².

Gqibela, i KwiBhalansi yevolumu (OBV) isalathisi, esiphuhliswe nguJoe Granville, ngumzekelo obalaseleyo wokusetyenziswa kwesalathisi somthamo. Esi sixhobo songeza ivolyum ngeentsuku 'zonyuso' kwaye sikhupha ivolyum ngeentsuku 'eziphantsi'. Xa i-OBV inyuka, ibonisa ukuba abathengi bazimisele ukungena kwaye bathenge ngamaxabiso aphezulu. Le yayiyingcamango yenguquko ngelo xesha kwaye sele yamkelwa ngabaninzi abaphumeleleyo traders. Ngokomzekelo, uGranville ngokwakhe wasebenzisa i-OBV ukuqikelela ngokuchanekileyo i-1974 stock market crash³.

¹ - "UPaul Tudor Jones: Fumana iidola zakho zokuqala zeBhiliyoni usebenzisa iiNkqubo eziQinisekisiweyo ze-Top Hedge Fund Billionaires" nguStan Miller
² – “Izifundo kufundo lweTape” nguRichard Wyckoff
³ – “Isicwangciso esitsha seDaily Stock Market Timing for Maximum Profit” nguJoseph E. Granville