Ungachonga njani kwaye uthintele njani iPonzi Schemes kwiCrypto

1. Isishwankathelo sePonzi Scheme

Yintoni iSikimu sePonzi?

Iskimu sePonzi luhlobo lobuqhetseba lwezemali oluhenda abatyali-mali ngokuthembisa imbuyekezo ephezulu ngokuncinci okanye akukho ingozi. Esi sikimu sithiywe ngoCharles Ponzi, owathi waduma kakubi ngokusebenzisa obu buchule ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yama-20. Kwiskimu esiqhelekileyo sePonzi, imbuyekezo ehlawulwe kubatyalo-mali bangaphambili ayiveliswanga kwimisebenzi eyiyo yokuzuza inzuzo kodwa endaweni yoko itsalwa kutyalo-mali lwabathathi-nxaxheba abatsha. Inkqubo ixhomekeke ekungeneni okuqhubekayo kwabatyali-mali abatsha ukuyigcina iqhuba. Nje ukuba utyalo-mali olutsha luyekile, inkqubo iyawa, kwaye uninzi lwabatyali-mali baphulukana nemali yabo.

Iinkqubo zePonzi zilula ngokukhohlisa kubuchwephesha bazo kodwa zinokonakalisa kakhulu. Badala inkohliso yeshishini elinengeniso ngokuhlawula imbuyekezo kubatyali-mali bangaphambili kunye nenkunzi evela kubatyali-mali bamva nje. Lo mjikelo unokuqhubeka kuphela nje ukuba abatyali-mali abatsha behlala bengena kwiskim. Ekugqibeleni, xa umqhubi engasakwazi ukuqesha abathathi-nxaxheba abatsha, isakhiwo sonke siyahlukana, sihlala sishiya uninzi lwabatyalo-mali ngelahleko enkulu.

Isishwankathelo esifutshane soShishino lweCrypto kunye nokuchaphazeleka kwayo kwiiScams

The cryptocurrency ishishini, ngelixa livelisa izinto ezintsha kwaye ligcwele amandla, nalo libe ngumhlaba ochumileyo imikhonyovu, kubandakanywa izicwangciso zePonzi. Ubume bokunatyiswa kwe i-cryptocurrencies, idityaniswe nokungabikho kolawulo olubanzi, idala imeko apho amacebo orhwaphilizo anokuphumelela. Ukunyuka ngokukhawuleza kwee-cryptocurrencies, kunye nesithembiso sembuyekezo ephezulu, kutsale uluhlu olubanzi lwabatyali-mali, uninzi lwabo olunokuthi luswele ulwazi oluyimfuneko lokuhamba kule marike inzima ngokukhuselekileyo.

Ziliqela izinto ezinegalelo ekubeni sibe sesichengeni crypto ishishini ukuya kubuqhophololo:

1. Ukwabela amagunya kunye nokunqongophala koMgaqo: Ii-Cryptocurrencies zisebenza kuthungelwano olunwetshiweyo, okuthetha ukuba akukho gunya liphakathi lokongamela iintengiselwano. Oku kunqongophala kokubeka iliso kwenza kube nzima kubalawuli ukulandela kwaye bavale izikimu zobuqhetseba.
2. Ukungaziwa: Ii-cryptocurrencies ezininzi zibonelela ngenqanaba lokungaziwa elinokuthi lixhatshazwe ngabakwa-scammers. Iintengiselwano kwi-blockchain zisesidlangalaleni, kodwa iinkcukacha ezingemva kwee-wallet azikwaziwa, okwenza kube lula ukuba abakhohlisi basebenze ngaphandle kokufunyanwa.
3. Ukutsala nzima: Itekhnoloji emva kwe-cryptocurrencies intsonkothile kwaye ayiqondwa lula ngumtyali-mali ophakathi. Abaqhathi badla ngokuthatha intengisovantage kobu bunzima bokuqhatha abatyali-mali ngezithembiso zembuyekezo ephezulu ukusuka ekungacacanga okanye ukuqondwa kakuhle utyalo-mali mathuba.
4. I-Hype kunye noloyiko lokuphoswa (FOMO): Ukunyuka ngokukhawuleza kwexabiso le-cryptocurrencies njenge Bitcoin yenze i-hype enkulu, ekhokelela kuloyiko lokuphoswa. Olu xinzelelo lwengqondo lunokubangela ukuba abatyali-mali bangahoyi iiflegi ezibomvu kwaye batsibe kwizikimu zotyalo-mali ezithandabuzekayo.
5. Ukufikelela kwihlabathi liphela: Ubume behlabathi bemali ye-crypto buthetha ukuba ubuqhophololo bunokusasazeka ngokukhawuleza kwimida, nto leyo ebangela ukuba kube nzima kulo naliphi na igunya elilodwa ukuba lithathe amanyathelo asebenzayo ngokuchasene nabo.

Ukudityaniswa kwezi zinto kwenza imboni ye-cryptocurrency isengozini ngakumbi kwiinkqubo zePonzi. Abaqhankqalazi baye bahlengahlengisa imodeli yePonzi yendabuko kwixesha ledijithali, ukudala izikimu ezisebenzisa iimpawu ezikhethekileyo ze-cryptocurrencies ukutsala abatyali-mali abangabonakaliyo.

2. Ukuqonda iPonzi Schemes

Indlela iPonzi Schemes eSebenza ngayo: Ingcaciso eLula

Iinkqubo zePonzi zenzelwe ukudala inkohliso yethuba lotyalo-mali elisemthethweni, elinenzuzo. Ubuchwephesha buchanekile, kodwa iskimu sinobuchwephesha ngokwaneleyo bokukhohlisa abatyali-mali, ngakumbi xa begqunywe kwi-jargon yezemali entsonkothileyo okanye, kwimeko ye-crypto, imigaqo yetekhnoloji.

Nalu ucazululo lwenyathelo ngenyathelo lendlela isikimu sePonzi esisebenza ngayo:

1. Ukuseta okuQala: Umkhohlisi wazisa ithuba elitsha lotyalo-mali, ehlala ethembisa ngembuyekezo ephezulu ngokungaqhelekanga. Kwi-crypto space, le nto ingaba uphawu olutsha, ukusebenza kwemigodi, okanye a ukuboleka iqonga eliqinisekisa imbuyekezo kude ngaphezu komndilili wemarike.
2. Ukutsala abaTyali-mali bokuqala: Umjikelo wokuqala wabatyalo-mali ukhangwa sisithembiso sokubuyisela ngokukhawuleza kunye nokuphezulu. I-scammer isebenzisa iimali ezivela kwaba batyalo-mali bokuqala ukuhlawula "imbuyekezo" kubo, idala ingcamango yokuba utyalo-mali lusemthethweni kwaye lunenzuzo.
3. Ukwakha intembeko: Njengoko abatyali-zimali bangaphambili befumana imbuyekezo yabo abayithembisileyo, bahlala betyala ngokutsha kwaye banokude bafune abanye, besenza sibe semthethweni ngakumbi inkqubo. Amazwi omlomo kunye nobungqina obuvela kwaba batyali-mali bokuqala kunceda ukutsala abathathi-nxaxheba abatsha.
4. Umjikelo woTyalo-mali kwakhona: Esi sikimu siyaqhubeka nokwanda njengoko abatyali-mali abaninzi betsalwa yimpumelelo ebonakalayo yabatyali-mali bangaphambili. I-scammer iyaqhubeka nokuhlawula imbuyekezo isebenzisa inkunzi evela kubatyalo-mali abatsha, igcina inkohliso yokusebenza ngempumelelo.
5. Ukugoqa okungenakuthintelwa: Iskimu asizinzanga kuba asivelisi nayiphi na inzuzo yokwenyani. Ixhomekeke ngokupheleleyo ekungeneni kwabatyali-mali abatsha. Ekugqibeleni, iphuli yabatyali-mali abatsha yoma, okanye umkhohlisi uthatha isigqibo sokunyamalala ngemali eseleyo. Xa oku kusenzeka, isikimu siyawa, kwaye uninzi lwabatyali-mali lushiywe ngelahleko enkulu.

Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zePonzi Schemes

Ngelixa izicwangciso zePonzi zinokuthatha iindlela ezininzi, ngokubanzi zabelana ngeempawu ezininzi eziqhelekileyo ezinokunceda ekuchongeni:

1. Isithembiso sokuBuyisa okuPhezulu kunye noMngcipheko omncinci okanye akukho mngcipheko: Iinkqubo ze-Ponzi zibonelela ngembuyekezo ephezulu kakhulu kunezo zifumaneka ngotyalo-mali lwemveli, rhoqo ngomngcipheko omncinci okanye ongekho. Le yenye yeeflegi ezinkulu ezibomvu, njengoko utyalo-mali olusemthethweni ludla ngokubandakanya inqanaba elithile lomngcipheko.
2. Imbuyekezo engaguqukiyo kungajongwanga iMeko yeMarike: Olunye uphawu lweskimu sePonzi sisithembiso sembuyekezo ehambelanayo, nangona imarike ebanzi iguquguqukayo. Ngokwenyani, lonke utyalo-mali olusemthethweni luxhomekeke ekuguquguqukeni kweemarike.
3. Ukunqongophala kokungafihli: Iinkqubo zePonzi zihlala zibandakanya utyalo-mali olunzima okanye oluyimfihlo qhinga. Umkhohlisi unokusebenzisa ijargon yobugcisa ukubhida abatyali-zimali okanye ala ukunika ulwazi oluneenkcukacha malunga nokuba yenziwa njani imbuyekezo.
4. Uxinzelelo lokuTyala imali ngokukhawuleza: Abarhwaphilizi bahlala besenza imvakalelo yongxamiseko, becinezela abatyali-mali ukuba “bathathe amanyathelo ngoku” ukukhusela ithuba ngaphambi kokuba kube lixesha. Eli qhinga lithatha uloyiko lokuphoswa (FOMO).
5. Ubunzima bokutsala imali: Njengoko inkqubo iqhubela phambili, abatyali-zimali banokukufumanisa kunzima ukurhoxisa iimali zabo. Umkhohlisi unokulibazisa ukurhoxiswa ngezizathu ezahlukeneyo, ebanga imiba yobugcisa okanye abeke imida yokurhoxisa.
6. Ukusetyenziswa kweNgxowa-mali yoMtyali-mali oMtsha ukuhlawula imbuyekezo: Olona phawu lucacileyo lweskimu sePonzi kukusetyenziswa kwemali entsha yotyalo-mali ukuhlawula imbuyekezo kubatyali-mali bangaphambili. Akukho msebenzi wokwenene wokuvelisa ingeniso; Iskimu sixhomekeke ngokupheleleyo kuqukuqelo oluqhubekayo lotyalo-mali olutsha.

Imizekelo ye-Crypto Ponzi Schemes eyaziwayo

Ukunyuka kwee-cryptocurrencies kubone ukuvela kwezicwangciso ezininzi zePonzi eziphezulu. Obu buqhetseba busebenzise ukungabikho kolawulo kunye nokukhula ngokukhawuleza kwemarike ye-crypto ukuqhatha izigidi zabatyali-mali kwihlabathi jikelele.

1. I-Bitconnect: Enye yezona zicwangciso ezidume kakhulu ze-crypto Ponzi, i-Bitconnect, ithembisa abatyali-mali ukuba babuyisele i-40% ngenyanga ngenkqubo yokuboleka imali. Abatyalomali babefuneka ukuba bathenge i-Bitconnect Coin (BCC) kwaye bayiboleke eqongeni, apho kutyholwa urhwebo i-bot izakwenza inzuzo. Enyanisweni, i-Bitconnect yayisebenzisa nje imali evela kubatyalo-mali abatsha ukuhlawula imbuyekezo kwabangaphambili. Isikimu sawa ngo-2018, okubangele ilahleko enkulu kubatyalo-mali.
2. OneCoin: I-OneCoin, eyasungulwa kwi-2014, ngomnye umzekelo ongathandekiyo. Ithengiswa njenge-cryptocurrency eguqukayo, i-OneCoin yabanga ukuba yiBitcoin elandelayo, ibonelela ngembuyekezo enkulu kutyalo-mali. Nangona kunjalo, i-OneCoin yayingekho i-cryptocurrency esemthethweni; yayingenayo i-blockchain kwaye ayinakuba traded kulo naluphi na utshintsho olusemthethweni. Esi sicwangciso sade sabhencwa, kwaye iinkokeli zalo zatshutshiswa, kodwa hayi ngaphambi kokuba liqhathe iibhiliyoni zeedola kubatyali-zimali kwihlabathi liphela.
3. PlusToken: I-PlusToken yayiyinkqubo ye-Ponzi eguqulelwe njenge-cryptocurrency wallet kunye neqonga lotyalo-mali. Ithembise abasebenzisi imbuyekezo ephezulu yokubamba iimpahla zabo eqongeni. Kwincopho yayo, i-PlusToken yatsala izigidi zabasebenzisi kwaye yaqokelela ngaphezulu kwe-2 yeebhiliyoni zeedola kwii-cryptocurrencies. Iskimu siye sawa ngo-2019 xa abaqhubi banyamalala ngequbuliso nemali, beshiya abatyali-mali benelahleko enkulu.

3. Ukuchonga iiFlegi eziBomvu

Ukuqonda iiflegi ezibomvu eziqhelekileyo ezinxulumene nezicwangciso ze-Ponzi, ngakumbi kumxholo we-cryptocurrency, kubalulekile ekukhuseleni ubuqhophololo obunokwenzeka. Nalu ujongo olusondeleyo kwezinye zeempawu eziqhelekileyo zokulumkisa:

Ukuthembisa NgeeMbuyiselo Ezingeyonyani

Enye yezona flegi ezibomvu eziphawulekayo zeskimu se-Ponzi sisithembiso sokubuyisela okungenangqiqo. Ezi nkqubo zihlala zitsala abatyali-mali ngesithembiso sembuyekezo ephezulu, eqinisekisiweyo engaphezulu lee kwezo zifumaneka ngotyalo-mali olusemthethweni. Kwindawo ye-cryptocurrency, apho imarike sele isaziwa ngayo ukungazinzi kunye nokubanakho imbuyekezo ephezulu, abakhohlisi basebenzisa oku kulindelekileyo ngokunikela ngembuyekezo eyingozi ngakumbi.

Umzekelo, ukuba ithuba lotyalo-mali lithembisa imbuyekezo yemihla ngemihla okanye yenyanga ehlala iphezulu kungakhathaliseki iimeko zemarike, kufuneka iphakamise ukukhathazeka ngokukhawuleza. Utyalo-mali olusemthethweni luhlala luxhomekeke kumngcipheko weemarike, kwaye akukho tyalo-mali luthembekileyo olunokuqinisekisa imbuyekezo ngaphandle komngcipheko.

Ukunqongophala kokuselubala kwiMisebenzi

Enye iflegi ebomvu enkulu kukungabikho elubala malunga nendlela utyalo-mali olusebenza ngayo. Kwiinkqubo ezininzi zePonzi, ngakumbi ezo zisehlabathini le-crypto, abaqhubi bahlala bephepha ukubonelela ngokucacileyo, iinkcazo ezicacileyo malunga nendlela ukubuyisela okuveliswa ngayo. Basenokusebenzisa amagama antsonkothileyo emali okanye amagama obugcisa ukuze bafihle inyaniso.

Kutyalo-mali olusemthethweni, imodeli yeshishini, amaqhinga, kunye neengozi zihlala zibhalwe kakuhle kwaye zivuleleke kubatyali-mali ukuba bahlolisise. Ngokwahlukileyo, izicwangciso zePonzi zihlala zifihla emva kweenkcazo ezingacacanga okanye iteknoloji yobunini obungenakuqinisekiswa ngokuzimeleyo. Ukuba ucinga ngotyalo-mali kwaye abaqhubi bayathandabuza okanye abakwazi ukuchaza ukuba benza njani imbuyekezo, luphawu olunamandla lokuba kukho into engalunganga.

Uxinzelelo lokuTyala imali ngokukhawuleza

Abaqhubi beskimu se-Ponzi bahlala bedala ingqiqo yongxamiseko, becinezela abatyali-mali abanokuthi basebenze ngokukhawuleza ukuphepha ukulahlekelwa "ithuba elilinganiselweyo". Eli qhinga lithatha uloyiko lokuphoswa (FOMO), oluxhaphake ngokukodwa kwihlabathi elihamba ngokukhawuleza le-cryptocurrencies.

Abarhwaphilizi banokuxelela abatyali-mali abanokubakho ukuba ithuba lifumaneka kuphela ixesha elifutshane okanye ukuba kukho iindawo zokubeka umda. Olu xinzelelo lokutyalomali ngokukhawuleza ngaphandle kokunyamekela ngokufanelekileyo yiflegi ebomvu ebalulekileyo. Amathuba otyalo-mali asemthethweni avumela abatyali-mali ixesha lokuphanda nokwenza izigqibo ezizizo.

Ukusetyenziswa koBuchule boTyalo-mali oluNxibelele

Iinkqubo ze-Ponzi zihlala zibanga ukuba zisebenzisa iindlela eziyinkimbinkimbi, eziyinkimbinkimbi zokutshala imali ekunzima ukuba umtyalo-mali ophakathi aziqonde. Kwilizwe le-crypto, oku kunokubandakanya ukusetyenziswa kwe-algorithms yorhwebo oluphambili, arbitrage, okanye ezinye iindlela zokurhweba eziphezulu ze-frequency. La maqhinga adla ngokuchazwa ngendlela evakala ichukumisa kodwa engenazo iinkcukacha ezibambekayo.

Ukuntsonkotha kwenziwa ngabom-kuyabatyhafisa abatyali-mali ekubuzeni imibuzo emininzi kwaye ibonelela ngokhuseleko olufanelekileyo kwinto yokuba akukho tyalo-mali lusemthethweni. qhinga kukonke. Ukuba utyalo-mali lubonakala lunzima kakhulu ukuba lungaqondwa, kubalulekile ukuthetha nalo ngononophelo kwaye ufune iingcebiso ezizimeleyo.

Ukuqeshwa kwabaTyali-mali abatsha ukuze bahlawule abaDala

Ubomi beskimu sePonzi kukuqeshwa okuqhubekayo kwabatyalo-mali abatsha. Kwiimeko ezininzi, abatyali-mali bakhuthazwa ukuba bangenise abathathi-nxaxheba abatsha ngokuthumela iibhonasi okanye iikhomishini. Esi sakhiwo sihlala sifihliwe njengesicwangciso esisemthethweni se-multi-level marketing (MLM), kodwa ngokwenene, luphawu oluphambili lweskimu sePonzi.

Xa imbuyekezo ixhomekeke kakhulu ekuqeshweni kwabatyalo-mali abatsha kunokusebenza kotyalo-mali olusisiseko, luphawu olucacileyo lweskimu sePonzi. Umzuzu wokufumana abantu bayehla okanye uyeke, iskimu sonke siyawa, njengoko kungekho nzuzo yokwenyani yokusigcina.

IiNgcebiso zoSaziwayo (Ngaphandle koKukhuthala okufanelekileyo)

Abenzi bobuqhophololo bahlala besebenzisa iziqinisekiso zabantu abadumileyo ukuboleka intembeko kumacebo abo. Kwilizwe le-crypto, apho inkcubeko ye-influencer yomelele, oku kunokusebenza ngokukodwa. Nangona kunjalo, ezi ziqinisekiso zihlala zihlawulwa, kwaye abantu abadumileyo banokungayiqondi ngokupheleleyo imveliso okanye iingozi ezibandakanyekayo.

Kubalulekile ukulumka ngamathuba otyalo-mali axhomekeke kakhulu kuxhaso lwabantu abadumileyo, ngakumbi ukuba ezo ziqinisekiso yeyona ndawo iphambili yokuthengisa. Utyalo-mali olusemthethweni luzimele ngokwalo kwaye aludingi nkxaso yabantu abadumileyo ukutsala abatyali-mali.

4. Ukuzikhusela kwi-Crypto Scams

Kwihlabathi eliguquka ngokukhawuleza kwaye ngamanye amaxesha liguquguqukayo le-cryptocurrency, ukuzikhusela kwimikhonyovu, ngakumbi amacebo ePonzi, kufuna ukuphapha, imfundo, kunye nokwamkelwa kwezona ndlela zingcono zokusebenza. Nanga amanye amanyathelo abalulekileyo okukhusela utyalo-mali lwakho:

Ukukhuthala okufunekayo: UkuPhanda iiProjekthi ngokucokisekileyo

Elinye lawona manyathelo abalulekileyo ekuzikhuseleni kwi-crypto scams kukwenza inkuthalo ecokisekileyo phambi kokuba utyale imali. Oku kubandakanya:

• Iqela eliphandayo: Phanda abantu abasemva kweprojekthi. Jonga imvelaphi yabo, imbali yobuchwephesha, kunye nokuba banobukho obuthembekileyo kushishino. Lumka xa amalungu eqela engaziwa okanye ukuba iinkcukacha zabo kunzima ukuziqinisekisa.
• Ukuqonda iModeli yoShishino: Qinisekisa ukuba uyayiqonda ngokupheleleyo indlela iprojekthi eceba ngayo ukwenza imbuyekezo. Iprojekthi esemthethweni iya kuba nemodeli yeshishini ecacileyo, ecacileyo eqondakalayo nakwabangezongcali.
• Ukuphonononga iPhepha elimhlophe: Iphepha elimhlophe kufuneka linike inkcazo ebanzi yeprojekthi, kubandakanywa iinjongo zayo, iteknoloji, iimeko zokusetyenziswa, kunye nengxaki ejolise ukuyisombulula. Walumkele amaphepha amhlophe anobugcisa obugqithisileyo ngaphandle kweengcaciso ezicacileyo, okanye aswele umxholo obambekayo.
• Ukukhangela i-Independent Reviews: Jonga uphononongo oluzimeleyo kunye nohlalutyo oluvela kwimithombo ethembekileyo. Kuphephe ukuthembela kuphela kulwazi olunikezelwe yiprojekthi ngokwayo, njengoko inokuthi ithathe icala.

UTyalo-mali olwahlukeneyo

ukohlulwa ngumgaqo osisiseko wotyalo-mali onceda ukunciphisa umngcipheko. Endaweni yokubeka yonke imali yakho kwiprojekthi enye, sasaza utyalo-mali lwakho kwii-asethi ezahlukeneyo kunye neeprojekthi. Ngale ndlela, ukuba utyalo-mali olunye luba yi-a siskemu okanye uqhuba kancinane, iyonke yakho portfolio ayifane yehlelwe yilahleko eyintlekele.

Kwilizwe le-crypto, ukuhlukahluka kunokubandakanya:

• Utyalo-mali kumxube we-cryptocurrencies esekiweyo njengeBitcoin kunye ne-Ethereum, kunye neealtcoins ezithembisayo.
• Ukuphonononga amacandelo ahlukeneyo ngaphakathi kwendawo ye-crypto, njengemali ephantsi kolawulo (Defi), iimpawu ezingafungiyo (I-NFTs), kunye nezicelo ezisekelwe kwi-blockchain.
• Ukubamba inxalenye yempahla yakho ezizinzileyo okanye olunye utyalo-mali olungaguquguqukiyo kakhulu ukulungelelanisa imingcipheko.

Ukusebenzisa iiWallet eziKhuselekileyo kunye noTshintsho

Ukukhusela izinto zakho zedijithali kubalulekile ekuzikhuseleni kubuqhophololo nobusela. Nantsi indlela onokuluphucula ngayo ukhuseleko lotyalo-mali lwakho lwe-crypto:

• Khetha iiWalethi eziBalulekileyo: Sebenzisa izipaji ezineempawu zokhuseleko ezomeleleyo, ezinje ngotyikityo oluninzi inkxaso, uqinisekiso lwezinto ezimbini (2FA), kunye neenketho zehardware. Izipaji zehardware, ezigcina izitshixo zakho zabucala ngaphandle kweintanethi, zithathwa njengezona zikhuselekileyo.
• Sebenzisa Utshintshiselwano oluthembekileyo: Xa uthenga, uthengisa, okanye uthengisa imali ye-cryptocurrensets, unamathele kutshintshiselwano olusekwe kakuhle kunye nerekhodi eliqinileyo lokhuseleko. Qinisekisa ukuba utshintshiselwano lusebenzisa iiprothokholi zokhuseleko ezomeleleyo, kubandakanywa ukugcinwa okubandayo kweemali kunye nophicotho oluqhelekileyo lokhuseleko.
• Lumkela Phishing: Soloko ujonga kabini ii-URL zotshintshiselwano kunye newallet ngaphambi kokufaka iziqinisekiso zakho. Abaqhankqalazi bahlala besenza iiwebhusayithi zomgunyathi ezifana ngokusondeleyo nezisemthethweni ukuba ulwazi lwakho.

Ukuqonda iiKhontrakthi ezihlakaniphile

Iikhontrakthi ze-Smart zizibhambathiso zokuzenzela kunye nemigaqo yesivumelwano ebhalwe ngokuthe ngqo kwikhowudi. Badlala indima ebalulekileyo kwiiprojekthi ezininzi ze-blockchain, ngakumbi kwi-decentralized finance (DeFi). Nangona kunjalo, iikhontrakthi ze-smart ezibhalwe kakubi zingasetyenziswa ngabahlaseli okanye zisetyenziswe njengesixhobo sobuqhetseba.

Ukuzikhusela:

• Phicotha iKhowudi: Ukuba utyala imali kwiprojekthi exhomekeke kwiikontraki ezihlakaniphile, jonga ukuba ingaba ikhowudi iye yaphicothwa yifemu yokhuseleko ethembekileyo yomntu wesithathu. Uphicotho-zincwadi lunokunceda ekuchongeni ubuthathaka okanye ikhowudi ekhohlakeleyo enokusetyenziswa ukuqhatha abatyali-mali.
• Qonda iMigaqo: Nokuba awungomdwelisi wenkqubo, kubalulekile ukuqonda imigaqo esisiseko kunye neemeko ezifakwe kwikhontrakthi ehlakaniphile. Ukuba kukho into ebonakala ingacacanga okanye ilunge kakhulu ukuba yinyani, kuyafaneleka ukuba uphande ngakumbi okanye ufune iingcebiso kwiingcali.

Lumkela uHlaselo lokuPhila kunye nobuQhinga

Phishing yindlela eqhelekileyo esetyenziswa ngabakhohlisi ukuba ulwazi lomntu siqu, kuquka izitshixo zabucala kunye namagama ayimfihlo, anokuthi ke asetyenziswe ukufikelela kwizinto zakho zedijithali. Olu hlaselo ludla ngokuza ngolu hlobo:

• emails: Abaqhatha bathumela ii-imeyile ezibonakala ngathi zivela kutshintshiselwano olusemthethweni, iwallet, okanye iiprojekthi, zikucela ukuba ucofe kwikhonkco okanye unike ulwazi olubuthathaka.
• Iiwebhusayithi zomgunyathi: Abaqhankqalazi benza iiwebhusayithi ezilinganisa amaqonga asemthethweni, baqhatha abasebenzisi ukuba bafake iziqinisekiso zabo zokungena.
• Imidiya yoluntu kunye neApps zokuthumela imiyalezo: Abarhwaphilizi badla ngokuzenza iiakhawunti ezisemthethweni okanye abameli benkxaso yabathengi ukuze barhwebeshe abasebenzisi ukuba babelane ngolwazi lwabucala.

Ukuzikhusela kubuqhetseba:

• Hlala uqinisekisa ii-URLs: Ngaphambi kokufaka naluphi na ulwazi olubuthathaka, qiniseka ukuba ukwiwebhusayithi echanekileyo ngokujonga kabini i-URL.
• Kuphephe Ukucofa kuMakhonkco: Lumka xa ucofa amakhonkco kwii-imeyile okanye kwimiyalezo engacelwanga. Endaweni yoko, yiya kwiwebhusayithi ngokuthe ngqo kwisikhangeli sakho.
• Yenza uQinisekiso lweMiba emibini (2FA): Sebenzisa i-2FA naphi na apho kunokwenzeka ukongeza umaleko owongezelelweyo wokhuseleko kwiiakhawunti zakho.

Ukubaluleka koLwazi lwezeMali

Ukuphucula ulwazi lwakho lwezezimali yenye yezona ndlela zokuzikhusela kubuqhophololo. Okukhona uqonda ngakumbi malunga notyalo-mali, kwiimarike, kunye nobuchwephesha obusisiseko bee-cryptocurrencies, kokukhona ukuxhotyiswe ngcono uyakubona kwaye uphephe amacebo obuqhophololo.

Nanga amanye amanyathelo okuphucula ulwazi lwakho lwezezimali:

• Zifundise: Thatha ixesha lokufunda malunga neziseko ze Iteknoloji ye-blockchain, cryptocurrency, kunye neemarike zemali. Izixhobo ezininzi zasimahla, iikhosi, kunye nezifundo ziyafumaneka kwi-Intanethi.
• Hlala uhlaziyiwe: Imboni ye-crypto ikhula ngokukhawuleza. Hlala unolwazi lwamva nje iintsingiselo, ubugcisa, kunye nophuhliso lolawulo ukwenza izigqibo zotyalo-mali ezinolwazi.
• Funa iNgcebiso yobuGcisa: Ungalibazisi ukudibana nabacebisi bezezimali okanye iingcali ukuba awuqinisekanga malunga nethuba lotyalo-mali. Ingcali inokubonelela ngeembono ezixabisekileyo kwaye ikuncede uphephe imigibe eqhelekileyo.

Indima yamaZiko oLawulo ekuKhuseleni abaTyali-mali

Amaqumrhu alawulayo adlala indima ebalulekileyo ekukhuseleni abatyali-mali kubuqhophololo nakwizenzo zobuqhophololo. Ngelixa ishishini le-crypto lisaphuhla ngokwemigaqo yolawulo, kukho amanyathelo akhoyo okunceda ukukhusela abatyali-mali:

• Yazi uMthengi wakho (KYC) kunye neMiqathango yokuLawula ukuThuthukiswa kweMali (AML): Utshintshiselwano oluhloniphekileyo kunye namaqonga afunekayo ukuba ahambelane ne-KYC kunye nemimiselo ye-AML, enceda ukuthintela ubuqhetseba kunye nemisebenzi yobugebengu. Hlala ukhetha amaqonga ahambelana nale mimiselo.
• IiNgcali zokunika ingxelo: Ukuba udibana nenkohliso, kubalulekile ukuyixela kumaqumrhu alawulayo afanelekileyo. Kwamazwe amaninzi, kukho ii-arhente ezizinikezeleyo ezijongene nobuqhetseba bezemali, kuquka i-crypto scams.
• Ukuhlala unolwazi malunga neMimiselo: Zigcine unolwazi malunga nemo engqongileyo yolawulo kwilizwe lakho kunye nokuba iluchaphazela njani utyalo-mali lwakho. Imimiselo inokubonelela ngoluhlu lokhuseleko kunye nokusemthethweni kwimarike.

5. Amanyathelo omawawathathe xa ukrokrela ubuqhophololo

Ukuba uyakrokrela ukuba udibene nobuqhophololo, ngakumbi kwindawo ye-cryptocurrency, kubalulekile ukuba usebenze ngokukhawuleza nangendlela. Ukuthatha amanyathelo afanelekileyo kunokunceda ukunciphisa ilahleko, ukunceda abasemagunyeni ekuthatheni inyathelo, kunye nokukhusela abanye ekubeni lixhoba lobuqhophololo obufanayo. Nantsi into omawuyenze:

Ubungqina bokuBhala

Inyathelo lokuqala xa ukrokrela ubuqhophololo kukuqokelela nokubhala bonke ubungqina obufanelekileyo. Oku kuya kuba yimfuneko ukuba ufuna ukuxela ubuqhophololo kwabasemagunyeni okanye ufune amanyathelo asemthethweni. Iingceba zobungqina obuziqokelelweyo ziquka:

• Iingxelo zentengiselwano: Gcina iirekhodi zazo zonke iintengiselwano ezinxulumene nobuqhophololo, kubandakanywa nemihla, iimali, iidilesi zesipaji, kunye naluphi na unxibelelwano olukhaphayo. Iintengiselwano zeBlockchain ngokuqhelekileyo ziselubala kwaye ziyalandeleka, ezinokuba luncedo kuphando.
• ZoNxibelelwano: Gcina naziphi na ii-imeyile, imiyalezo, okanye olunye unxibelelwano onalo nabantu okanye amaziko abandakanyekayo kobu buqhophololo. Oku kubandakanya imifanekiso yesikrini yeengxoxo, ii-imeyile, kunye naziphi na izivumelwano okanye izivumelwano.
• skrini: Thatha umfanekiso-skrini wewebhusayithi, i-app, okanye iqonga elibandakanyekayo kubuqhophololo, kuquka nayiphi na imathiriyeli yentengiso okanye iintengiso ezisetyenziselwe ukukuhendela kutyalo-mali.
• Iinkcukacha zeAkhawunti: Bhala iinkcukacha zeakhawunti yakho eqongeni, njengegama lomsebenzisi, inombolo ye-akhawunti, kunye nalo naluphi na ulwazi olunxulumeneyo olunokuba lufanelekile.

Ngokubhala ngokucokisekileyo yonke into, udala umkhondo wephepha onokuthi ubaluleke kakhulu ekuqinisekiseni ukuba ubuqhophololo buyenzekile kwaye ngokunokwenzeka ekufumaneni kwakhona impahla elahlekileyo.

Ukunika ingxelo ngoBuqhophololo kwabasemagunyeni

Wakuba uqokelele ubungqina, inyathelo elilandelayo kukuxela ubuqhophololo kwabasemagunyeni abafanelekileyo. Ngokuxhomekeke kwindawo okuyo kunye nobume bobuqhophololo, oku kunokubandakanya:

• Unyanzeliso lomthetho lwasekuhlaleni: Xela ubuqhophololo kwisebe lamapolisa asekuhlaleni, ngakumbi ukuba kukho ilahleko enkulu yemali. Bangavula uphando kwaye basebenzisane namanye amaziko ukuba kuyimfuneko.
• Ii-Arhente zeSizwe zoRhwaphilizo: Amazwe amaninzi anee-arhente ezithile ezinikezelweyo ekujonganeni nobuqhetseba bezemali, kuquka ne-crypto scams. Ngokomzekelo, eUnited States, unokuxela ubuqhetseba kwi-Federal Trade Commission (FTC) okanye i-Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). E-UK, i-Action Fraud yi-arhente yokuya.
• Amaqumrhu alawulayo: Ukuba ubuqhetseba bubandakanya utshintshiselwano okanye iqonga elisebenza phantsi kweliso lolawulo, xela isiganeko eso kumbutho olawulayo ofanelekileyo. Umzekelo, i-Financial Conduct Authority (FCA) e-UK okanye yorhwebo IKhomishoni yoRhwebo lwexesha elizayo (CFTC) e-US inokubandakanyeka.
• Iifemu zohlalutyo lweBlockchain: Ezinye iifemu zisebenza ngokukhethekileyo kuhlalutyo lwe-blockchain kwaye zinokubonelela ngeenkonzo zokulandela nokubuyisela imali ebiweyo. Ezi nkampani zisebenza kunye nomthetho kunye nabalawuli ukulandelela umsebenzi wobuqhetseba kwi-blockchain.

Ukujoyina amaQela oKhuseleko lwabaTyali

Ukujoyina amaqela okukhusela abatyali-zimali okanye uluntu kunokuba luncedo ngenxa yezizathu ezininzi. La maqela ahlala equka abantu abaqhathiweyo kwaye basebenza kunye ukwabelana ngolwazi, ukuxhasana, kunye nokulandela amanyathelo adibeneyo. Izibonelelo zokujoyina amaqela anje ziquka:

• Ukwabelana ngolwazi: Funda kwabanye abaye bafumana ubuqhetseba obufanayo. Ukwabelana ngolwazi kunokukunceda ukuba ubuqonde ngcono ubuqhophololo kwaye kunokukunika isikhokelo sendlela yokubuyisela imali yakho.
• Inkxaso yoMthetho: Amanye amaqela okukhusela abatyali-zimali asebenza neengcali zomthetho ezinokunika iingcebiso okanye ukumela iqela kumanyathelo asemthethweni ngokuchasene nabaqhubi bobuqhophololo.
• Isenzo esidityanelweyo: Kukho amandla ngamanani. Iqela labatyali-mali abanobuqhophololo ngamanye amaxesha linokudibanisa izibonelelo ukuze balandele amanyathelo asemthethweni, bandise ukuhanjiswa kweendaba, okanye bafake uxinzelelo kubalawuli ukuba bathathe inyathelo.
• Ukuphakamisa ulwazi: Ngokuzimanya neqela, unokunceda ukwazisa malunga nobuqhophololo kwaye uthintele abanye ekubeni babe ngamaxhoba kubo.

Ukuphakamisa ulwazi malunga nobuQhinga

Ukuphakamisa ulwazi malunga nobuqhophololo linyathelo elibalulekileyo ekukhuseleni abanye ukuba bangaweli kwimigibe efanayo. Nantsi indlela onokunikela ngayo:

• Imidiya yokuncokola: Yabelana ngamava akho kumaqonga eendaba ezentlalo ukuze ulumkise abanye. Sebenzisa ii-hashtag ezifanelekileyo kunye nemibutho yethegi enokunceda ukusasaza igama.
• IiNdawo zokuJonga: Shiya uphononongo oluneenkcukacha kwiiforam ze-cryptocurrency, iisayithi zokuphonononga, kunye namanye amaqonga apho abatyali-mali abanokukhangela ulwazi. Iisayithi ezinjengeReddit, iTrustpilot, kunye neeforam ezikhethekileyo ze-crypto ziindawo ezilungileyo zokuqalisa.
• Ukufikelela kwimidiya: Ukuba ubuqhophololo bubalulekile, cinga ngokufikelela kwiintatheli okanye kumajelo eendaba agubungela i-cryptocurrency iindaba. Usasazo lwemidiya lungasikhulisa isilumkiso sakho kwaye lunokunyanzela abasemagunyeni ukuba bathathe amanyathelo akhawulezileyo.
• Umxholo wezemfundo: Ukuba unazo izixhobo, cinga ngokudala iiposti zebhlog, iividiyo, okanye i-infographics echaza ukuba ubuqhetseba busebenze njani kwaye zeziphi iiflegi ezibomvu ekufuneka uzijonge. Umxholo wezemfundo unokuba nefuthe elingapheliyo ekuthinteleni ubuqhophololo bexesha elizayo.

isiphelo

I-Cryptocurrency ibonelela ngamathuba anomdla, kodwa ikwaza nemingcipheko ebalulekileyo, ngakumbi ngohlobo lobuqhetseba obufana nezicwangciso zePonzi. Njengoko ishishini liqhubeka likhula, kukwanjalo nobugocigoci bezi zicwangciso zobuqhophololo. Ngokuqonda i-mechanics ye-Ponzi schemes, ukuqaphela iiflegi ezibomvu, kunye nokuthatha amanyathelo asebenzayo ukuze uzikhusele, unokuhamba nge-crypto space ngokukhuselekileyo.

Ukutyala imali kwi-cryptocurrency kufuna inkuthalo kunye nokuzinikela kwimfundo eqhubekayo. Umtsalane wembuyekezo ephezulu kaninzi unokuvala isigwebo, kwenze kube lula ukuba lixhoba lobuqhophololo. Nangona kunjalo, ngokuqhuba uphando olucokisekileyo, ukwahlula utyalo-mali lwakho, usebenzisa amaqonga akhuselekileyo, kunye nokuhlala unolwazi malunga nophuhliso lwamva nje lwelizwe le-crypto, unokunciphisa kakhulu umngcipheko wakho.

Ukuba ukhe wakrokrela ukuba udibene nobuqhophololo, kubalulekile ukuba usebenze ngokukhawuleza. Ubungqina bokubhaliweyo, ukunika ingxelo kwabasemagunyeni abafanelekileyo, ukujoyina amaqela enkxaso, kunye nokwazisa bonke ngamanyathelo ayimfuneko anokunceda ukunciphisa ifuthe lobuqhophololo kunye nokuba nokubuyisela imali yakho.

Kwishishini elinamandla kunye nentsha njenge-cryptocurrency, ukuphaphama yeyona ndlela yokuzikhusela. Ngokuhlala unolwazi, ulumkile, kwaye usebenza, unokukhusela utyalo-mali lwakho kwaye ube negalelo kwindawo ekhuselekileyo, ecacileyo ngakumbi ye-crypto ecosystem.